Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25329144›Full record

ArticleThe Clinical journal of pain2015

Is HIV Painful? An Epidemiologic Study of the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Pain in HIV-infected Patients.

Edwina Lawson, Caroline Sabin, Nicky Perry, Daniel Richardson, Yvonne Gilleece, Duncan Churchill, Gillian Dean, Debbie Williams, Martin Fisher, Karen Walker-Bone

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Clinical journal of pain, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Perceived Interrelations of Pain and Cigarette Smoking in a Sample of Adult Smokers Living With HIV/AIDS.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Altered Associations between Pain Symptoms and Brain Morphometry in the Pain Matrix of HIV-Seropositive Individuals.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2018
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Evolving spectrum of HIV-associated rheumatic syndromes.Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology · 2015
    Review
  18. Chronic Pain in HIV.Molecular pain
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Edwina LawsonSt John's Medical Centre.
Caroline SabinResearch Department of Infection and Population Health, UCL, Royal Free Campus, London.
Nicky PerryDepartment of HIV/GU Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital.
Daniel RichardsonDepartment of HIV/GU Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital.
Yvonne GilleeceDepartment of HIV/GU Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital.
Duncan ChurchillDepartment of HIV/GU Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital.
Gillian DeanDepartment of HIV/GU Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital.
Debbie WilliamsDepartment of HIV/GU Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital.
Martin FisherDepartment of HIV/GU Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital.
Karen Walker-BoneMRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Royal Sussex County Hospital · GBRoland Hill (United Kingdom) · GBSt. John's University · USUniversity of Southampton · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_UP_A620_1018Medical Research Council MC_UU_12011/5
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo evaluate the prevalence, impact, and risk factors for pain among a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults treated with combination antiretroviral therapy if indicated according to current guidelines.

methodsThis was a cross-sectional epidemiological observational study. All patients attending 1 HIV-outpatient center in the United Kingdom in a 10-month period were eligible. Patients completed a validated questionnaire enquiring about demographics, HIV factors, and symptoms of pain.

resultsOf 1050 eligible participants, 859 (82%) completed a questionnaire. The 1-month period prevalence of pain lasting >1 day was 62.8% among whom 63% reported current pain. The prevalence of pain at most anatomic sites was broadly similar to that observed in population studies using the same questionnaires except that we found considerably higher rates of foot/ankle pain. The median duration of pain was 3 years (range, 0 to 51 y) and the median pain score was 5.0 on an 11-point visual analogue score. Over 40% of people in pain had consulted their primary care physician and >20% were taking analgesics daily. Independent risk factors for current pain were older age (P=0.001), time since diagnosis of HIV infection (P=0.001), and receipt of a protease inhibitor-based regimen (P=0.04). DISCUSSION: Pain, and notably foot/ankle pain, is common among adults living with prevalent HIV and is associated with substantial morbidity and health care utilization.

Identifiers

PMID25329144
PMCPMC5053359
OpenAlexW2073892130

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.