ArticleCurrent environmental health reports2014
Cardiovascular Events Following Smoke-Free Legislations: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Article in Current environmental health reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of Population-Level Tobacco Control Interventions and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- Smokefree legislation effects on respiratory and sensory disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Legislative smoking bans for reducing harms from secondhand smoke exposure, smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Perceived motivators and barriers to implementation of a smoke-free common area policy in multiunit housing in urban Bangladesh.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Benchmarking progress in non-communicable diseases: a global analysis of cause-specific mortality from 2001 to 2019.Lancet (London, England) · 2025Article
- Medical Students' Tobacco Consumption Status and Experiences with Smoke-free Law Violations in Enclosed Spaces in Türkiye and Northern Cyprus.Thoracic research and practice · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular Effects of Smoking and Smoking Cessation: A 2024 Update.Global heart · 2025Review
- Assessing exposure to secondhand smoke among Iranian patients with cardiac diseases; a cross-sectional study.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Trends in smoking-related diseases by socioeconomic position following a national smoking ban in 2007: a nationwide study in the Danish population.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Disparities in Smokefree and Vapefree Home Rules and Smokefree Policy Attitudes Based on Housing Type and Cigarette Smoking Status, United States, 2019.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Smoking Bans and Circulatory System Disease Mortality Reduction in Macao (China): Using GRA Models.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Effect of a two-phase tobacco control regulation on incidence from ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, Shenzhen, China, 2007-2016.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Secondhand smoke exposure for different education levels: findings from a large, nationally representative survey in Turkey.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes and Counselling Practice Regarding Prevention of Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Pregnant Women/Children in Assiut, Egypt.International journal of public health · 2022Article
- Support for smoke-free public places among adults in four countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Article
- Acute myocardial infarction and stoke after the enactment of smoke-free legislation in public places in Bibai city: data analysis of hospital admissions and ambulance transports.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2019Article
- Analysis of non-compliance with smoke-free legislation in Russia.International journal of public health · 2019Article
- Tobacco Use Worldwide: Legislative Efforts to Curb Consumption.Annals of global health · 2019Review
- The impact of cigarette smoking on infarct location and in-hospital outcome following acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction.Journal of cardiovascular and thoracic research · 2019Article
- Tobacco Use Worldwide: Legislative Efforts to Curb Consumption.Annals of global health · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLegislations banning smoking in indoor public places and workplaces are being implemented worldwide to protect the population from secondhand smoke exposure. Several studies have reported reductions in hospitalizations for acute coronary events following the enactment of smoke-free laws.
objectiveWe set out to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies examining how legislations that ban smoking in indoor public places impact the risk of acute coronary events.
methodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and relevant bibliographies including previous systematic reviews for studies that evaluated changes in acute coronary events, following implementation of smoke-free legislations. Studies were identified through December 2013. We pooled relative risk (RR) estimates for acute coronary events comparing post- vs. pre-legislation using inverse-variance weighted random-effects models.
resultsThirty-one studies providing estimates for 47 locations were included. The legislations were implemented between 1991 and 2010. Following the enactment of smoke-free legislations, there was a 12 % reduction in hospitalizations for acute coronary events (pooled RR: 0.88, 95 % CI: 0.85-0.90). Reductions were 14 % in locations that implemented comprehensive legislations compared to an 8 % reduction in locations that only had partial restrictions. In locations with reductions in smoking prevalence post-legislation above the mean (2.1 % reduction) there was a 14 % reduction in events compared to 10 % in locations below the mean. The RRs for acute coronary events associated with enacting smoke-free legislation were 0.87 vs. 0.89 in locations with smoking prevalence pre-legislation above and below the mean (23.1 %), and 0.87 vs. 0.89 in studies from the Americas vs. other regions.
conclusionThe implementation of smoke-free legislations was related to reductions in acute coronary event hospitalizations in most populations evaluated. Benefits are greater in locations with comprehensive legislations and with greater reduction in smoking prevalence post-legislation. These cardiovascular benefits reinforce the urgent need to enact and enforce smoke-free legislations that protect all citizens around the world from exposure to tobacco smoke in public places.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.