Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25328838›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2014

Withholding and canceling a response in ADHD adolescents.

Mehereen Bhaijiwala, Andre Chevrier, Russell Schachar

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
2.1field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Bayesian dynamical system analysis of the effects of methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mehereen BhaijiwalaInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto 7213 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada ; Neurosciences and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G1X8, Canada.
Andre ChevrierInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto 7213 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada ; Neurosciences and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G1X8, Canada.
Russell SchacharInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto 7213 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S1A8, Canada ; Neurosciences and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G1X8, Canada.
University of Toronto · CA

Funding

Canadian Institutes of Health Research M0P 82796
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDeficient response inhibition in situations involving a trade-off between response execution and response stopping is a hallmark of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). There are two key components of response inhibition; reactive inhibition where one attempts to cancel an ongoing response and prospective inhibition is when one withholds a response pending a signal to stop. Prospective inhibition comes into play prior to the presentation of the stop signal and reactive inhibition follows the presentation of a signal to stop a particular action. The aim of this study is to investigate the neural activity evoked by prospective and reactive inhibition in adolescents with and without ADHD.

methodsTwelve adolescents with ADHD and 12 age-matched healthy controls (age range 9-18) were imaged while performing the stop signal task (SST).

resultsReactive inhibition activated right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in both groups. ADHD subjects activated IFG bilaterally. In controls, prospective inhibition invoked preactivation of the same part of right IFG that activated during reactive inhibition. In ADHD subjects, prospective inhibition was associated with deactivation in this region. Controls also deactivated the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) during prospective inhibition, whereas ADHD subjects activated the same area. DISCUSSION: This pattern of activity changes in the same structures, but in opposite directions, was also evident across all phases of the task in various task-specific areas like the superior and middle temporal gyrus and other frontal areas.

conclusionDifferences between ADHD and control participants in task-specific and default mode structures (IFG and MPFC) were evident during prospective, but not during reactive inhibition.

Indexed as

Inhibition, PsychologicalAdolescentAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityBrain MappingCase-Control StudiesChildFunctional LateralityHumansNeuropsychological TestsPrefrontal CortexADHDadolescentsfMRIIFGimagingMPFCproactive inhibitionreactive inhibitionresponse inhibitionstop-signal task

Identifiers

PMID25328838
PMCPMC4086366
OpenAlexW1981630781

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.