Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25326706›Full record

ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2014

Genetic polymorphisms and risk of recurrent wheezing in pediatric age.

Susanna Esposito, Valentina Ierardi, Cristina Daleno, Alessia Scala, Leonardo Terranova, Claudia Tagliabue, Walter Peves Rios, Claudio Pelucchi, Nicola Principi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Skin barrier-related genes in childhood atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026
    Pooled it
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  9. Association Study ofPharmacogenomics and personalized medicine · 2020
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  15. Genetic polymorphisms and the development of invasive bacterial infections in children.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology · 2016
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Susanna EspositoPediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, 20122 Milan, Italy. susanna.esposito@unimi.it.
Valentina Ierardi
Cristina Daleno
Alessia Scala
Leonardo Terranova
Claudia Tagliabue
Walter Peves Rios
Claudio Pelucchi
Nicola Principi
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico · ITUniversity of Milan · ITIstituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWheezing during early life is a very common disorder, but the reasons underlying the different wheezing phenotypes are still unclear. The aims of this study were to analyse the potential correlations between the risk of developing recurrent wheezing and the presence of specific polymorphisms of some genes regulating immune system function, and to study the relative importance of the associations of different viruses and genetic polymorphisms in causing recurrent episodes.

methodsThe study involved 119 otherwise healthy infants admitted to hospital for a first episode of wheezing (74 of whom subsequently experienced recurrent episodes) and 119 age- and sex-matched subjects without any history of respiratory problem randomly selected from those attending our outpatient clinic during the study period. All of the study subjects were followed up for two years, and 47 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 33 candidate genes were genotyped on whole blood using an ABI PRISM 7900 HT Fast Real-time instrument.

resultsIL8-rs4073AT, VEGFA-rs833058CT, MBL2-rs1800450CT and IKBKB-rs3747811AT were associated with a significantly increased risk of developing wheezing (p = 0.02, p = 0.03, p = 0.05 and p = 0.0018), whereas CTLA4-rs3087243AG and NFKBIB-rs3136641TT were associated with a significantly reduced risk (p = 0.05 and p = 0.04). IL8-rs4073AT, VEGFA-rs2146323AA and NFKBIA-rs2233419AG were associated with a significantly increased risk of developing recurrent wheezing (p = 0.04, p = 0.04 and p = 0.03), whereas TLR3-rs3775291TC was associated with a significantly reduced risk (p = 0.03). Interestingly, the study of gene-environment interactions showed that rhinovirus was significantly associated with recurrent wheezing in the presence of IL4Ra-rs1801275GG and G (odds ratio [OR] 6.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-30.10, p = 0.03) and MAP3K1-rs702689AA (OR 4.09, 95% CI: 1.14-14.61, p = 0.03).

conclusionsThis study shows a clear relationship between the risk of wheezing and polymorphisms of some genes involved in the immune response. Although further studies are needed to confirm the results, these findings may be useful for the early identification of children at the highest risk of developing recurrent episodes and possibly subsequent asthma.

Indexed as

Polymorphism, Single NucleotideRhinovirusCTLA-4 AntigenFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGene-Environment InteractionGenotypeHumansI-kappa B KinaseI-kappa B ProteinsInfantInfant, NewbornInterleukin-4 Receptor alpha SubunitInterleukin-8MaleMannose-Binding LectinCTLA-4 AntigenCTLA4 protein, humanI kappa B beta proteinI-kappa B KinaseI-kappa B ProteinsIKBKB protein, humanInterleukin-4 Receptor alpha SubunitInterleukin-8Mannose-Binding LectinMAP3K1 protein, humanMAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1MBL2 protein, humanNF-KappaB Inhibitor alphaNFKBIA protein, humanTLR3 protein, humanToll-Like Receptor 3Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Identifiers

PMID25326706
PMCPMC4210469
OpenAlexW2083930708

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.