Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25326297›Full record

ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2015

Nationwide surveillance study of Clostridium difficile in Australian neonatal pigs shows high prevalence and heterogeneity of PCR ribotypes.

Daniel R Knight, Michele M Squire, Thomas V Riley

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025
    Article
  4. The Role ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Review
  5. Clostridioides difficile infections caused by hypervirulent strains: a single-centre real-life study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Biogeographic distribution and molecular epidemiology ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2023
    Article
  8. Microorganisms · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Genomic epidemiology and transmission dynamics of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection in Western Australia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2023
    Article
  11. Spore-FormingMicrobiology spectrum · 2023
    Article
  12. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Survivability ofVeterinary world · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. A publicly accessible database forMicrobial genomics · 2020
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2020
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Daniel R KnightMicrobiology & Immunology, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Michele M SquireMicrobiology & Immunology, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Thomas V RileyMicrobiology & Immunology, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia thomas.riley@uwa.edu.au.
Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Clostridium difficile is an important enteric pathogen of humans and the cause of diarrhea and enteritis in neonatal pigs. Outside Australia, prevalence in piglets can be up to 73%, with a single PCR ribotype (RT), 078, predominating. We investigated the prevalence and genotype of C. difficile in Australian pig herds. Rectal swabs (n = 229) were collected from piglets aged <7 days from 21 farms across Australia. Selective culture for C. difficile was performed and isolates characterized by PCR for toxin genes and PCR ribotyping. C. difficile was isolated from 52% of samples by direct culture on chromogenic agar and 67% by enrichment culture (P = 0.001). No association between C. difficile recovery or genotype and diarrheic status of either farm or piglets was found. The majority (87%; 130/154) of isolates were toxigenic. Typing revealed 23 different RTs, several of which are known to cause disease in humans, including RT014, which was isolated most commonly (23%; 36/154). RT078 was not detected. This study shows that colonization of Australian neonatal piglets with C. difficile is widespread in the herds sampled.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationRibotypingAnimalsAustraliaClostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsDiarrheaEpidemiological MonitoringPolymerase Chain ReactionPrevalenceSwineSwine Diseases

Identifiers

PMID25326297
PMCPMC4272713
OpenAlexW2063073516

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.