ArticleSleep2015
Relationships between sleep stages and changes in cognitive function in older men: the MrOS Sleep Study.
Article in Sleep, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sleep disorders and the risk of cognitive decline or dementia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Dimdazenil for the treatment of insomnia: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Telomere dynamics are influenced by sleep, sleep variability and circadian rhythms in older adults with or without alzheimer's risk.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Change in Dysfunctional Sleep-Related Beliefs is Associated with Changes in Sleep and Other Health Outcomes Among Older Veterans With Insomnia: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Longitudinal associations of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and slow-wave sleep with plasma Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- [Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Sleep-like slow waves during resting-state: A promising EEG biomarker of amyloid and neurodegeneration in preclinical Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- EEG Brain Rhythms During Resting-State Wakefulness and Sleep in Elderly Expert Meditators.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Night-to-night rapid eye movement sleep variability: A relevant marker of early amyloid-β deposition.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Observational
- Ordinal Sleep Depth: A Data-Driven Continuous Measurement of Sleep Depth.Journal of sleep research · 2026Article
- Sentinel factors for mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their interaction mechanisms: a narrative review with network analysis perspective.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- SLEEPYLAND: trust begins with fair evaluation of automatic sleep staging models.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- A Pilot Study: The Effect of CPAP Intervention on Sleep Architecture and Cognition in Alzheimer's Disease Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Neurology international · 2025Article
- Article
- Influence of sleep and cardiovascular health on cognitive trajectories in older adults.Neurobiology of aging · 2025Observational
- Objective sleep monitoring at home in older adults: A scoping review.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectiveTo investigate the associations between sleep stage distributions and subsequent decline in cognitive function in older men over time.
designA population-based prospective substudy of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. SETTINGS: Six sites in the United States.
participantsCommunity-dwelling men aged 67 y or older (n = 2,601), who were free of probable dementia at sleep visit. Follow-up averaged 3.4 y. MEASUREMENT AND
resultsSleep stages were identified by in-home polysomnography at the initial sleep visit (2003-2005). Cognitive outcomes were assessed with the Trail Making Test Part B and Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) at sleep visit and two follow-up visits. After adjusting for multiple confounders compared with men in the lowest quartile of percent of sleep time spent in Stage N1, those in the highest quartile had a twofold increase in cognitive decline for both cognitive tests (adjusted annualized percent change/y: Trail Making Test Part B Q1 = 1.06, Q4 = 2.45, P = 0.01; 3MS Q1 = -0.27, Q4 = -0.48, P = 0.03). In addition, compared with men in the highest quartile, men in the lowest quartile of percent of sleep time in Stage R revealed more cognitive decline on the 3MS (adjusted annualized percent change/y: Q1 = -0.49, Q4 = -0.22, P = 0.003). These findings were consistent even after further adjustment of total sleep time and sleep disordered breathing. No significant relationships between other sleep stages (N2, N3) and cognitive change were found.
conclusionIncreased time in Stage N1 and less time in Stage R are associated with worsening cognitive performance in older men over time.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.