ReviewSeminars in reproductive medicine2014
Postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risks of coronary heart disease, breast cancer, and stroke.
Review in Seminars in reproductive medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial of Electroacupuncture for Perimenopause Women with Mild-Moderate Depression.BioMed research international · 2018Trial
- A Mixture ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Anti-Osteoporosis Effects of the Fruit of Sea Buckthorn (Nutrients · 2022Article
- Lactation Duration and the Risk of Subtypes of Stroke Among Parous Postmenopausal Women From the China Kadoorie Biobank.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Hand Osteoarthritis: investigating Pain Effects of estrogen-containing therapy (HOPE-e): a protocol for a feasibility randomised placebo-controlled trial.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2021Article
- Suppressive role of Viola odorata extract on malignant characters of mammosphere-derived breast cancer stem cells.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2020Article
- Osteopenia-osteoporosis discrimination in postmenopausal women by 1H NMR-based metabonomics.PloS one · 2019Article
- Protective Effects of 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for total potent estrogenic miroestrol and deoxymiroestrol of Pueraria candollei, a Thai herb for menopause remedy.Journal of natural medicines · 2018Article
- Exogenous reproductive hormone use in breast cancer survivors and previvors.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2018Review
- Estrogen Interactions With Lipid Rafts Related to Neuroprotection. Impact of Brain Ageing and Menopause.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Review
- Mitochondrial function in hypoxic ischemic injury and influence of aging.Progress in neurobiology · 2017Review
- Association of Mid-Life Changes in Body Size, Body Composition and Obesity Status with the Menopausal Transition.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Depo-Provera (depot medroxyprogesterone acetate) use after bariatric surgery.Open access journal of contraception · 2016Review
- Cellular Model of Atherogenesis Based on Pluripotent Vascular Wall Pericytes.Stem cells international · 2016Review
- Endometriosis and breast cancer: A survey of the epidemiological studies.Oncology letters · 2016Article
- The Availability of Beneficial Insects-originated Materials on Women's Health following Menopause.Journal of menopausal medicine · 2015Article
- RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS IN BREAST CANCER TREATMENT: A HEALTH PRODUCTION APPROACH.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The principal findings are briefly reviewed from the Women's Health Initiative trials of the most commonly used postmenopausal hormone regimens in the United States-conjugated equine estrogens and these same estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acetate. A more detailed review is presented for three major clinical outcomes: coronary heart disease (CHD), the primary trial outcome for which a major benefit was hypothesized; invasive breast cancer, the primary safety outcome for which some adverse effect was expected; and stroke which surfaced as an important adverse effect with both regimens, and one that is influential in decisions concerning the continued use of postmenopausal estrogens alone. The review for these outcomes includes an update on interactions of treatment effects with study subject characteristics and exposures and with prerandomization biomarker levels. It also includes a focus on timing issues that are important to the understanding of treatment effects. Specifically, with combined estrogen plus progestin, CHD risk was elevated early with the elevation dissipating after a few years of treatment, whereas breast cancer elevations increased during the treatment period, and climbed to about a threefold increase following 5 years of adherence. Importantly, breast cancer risk elevations appear to be higher among women who initiate treatment at the menopause, or soon thereafter, compared with women having a longer gap time. Stroke effects, on the contrary, did not seem to vary appreciably with these timing issues. The adverse effect was evidently localized to ischemic strokes, for which there was an approximate 50% increase with either regimen. The rather limited knowledge concerning the biomarkers and biological pathways that mediate the hormone therapy effects on these diseases is also briefly reviewed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.