Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25321408›Full record

ArticleNature protocols2014

Zernike phase-contrast electron cryotomography applied to marine cyanobacteria infected with cyanophages.

Wei Dai, Caroline Fu, Htet A Khant, Steven J Ludtke, Michael F Schmid, Wah Chiu

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature protocols, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Wei DaiNational Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Caroline FuNational Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Htet A KhantNational Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Steven J LudtkeNational Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Michael F SchmidNational Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Wah ChiuNational Center for Macromolecular Imaging, Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Baylor College of Medicine · US

Funding

TRAINING PROGRAM IN COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINET15LM007093 · NLM · RICE UNIVERSITY · PI Lydia E. Kavraki · 1992 to 2026
$20.8M
3 D ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF MACROMOLECULES (5P41RR002250-27)P41GM103832 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CHIU, WAH · 2012 to 2019
$15.1M
SUPPORT AND DEVELOPMENT OF EMAN FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY IMAGE PROCESSINGR01GM080139 · NIGMS · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI LUDTKE, STEVEN J · 2006 to 2022
$5.4M
NIGMS NIH HHS P41 GM103832NIGMS NIH HHS P41GM103832NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM080139NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM080139NLM NIH HHS T15 LM007093
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advances in electron cryotomography have provided new opportunities to visualize the internal 3D structures of a bacterium. An electron microscope equipped with Zernike phase-contrast optics produces images with markedly increased contrast compared with images obtained by conventional electron microscopy. Here we describe a protocol to apply Zernike phase plate technology for acquiring electron tomographic tilt series of cyanophage-infected cyanobacterial cells embedded in ice, without staining or chemical fixation. We detail the procedures for aligning and assessing phase plates for data collection, and methods for obtaining 3D structures of cyanophage assembly intermediates in the host by subtomogram alignment, classification and averaging. Acquiring three or four tomographic tilt series takes ∼12 h on a JEM2200FS electron microscope. We expect this time requirement to decrease substantially as the technique matures. The time required for annotation and subtomogram averaging varies widely depending on the project goals and data volume.

Indexed as

BacteriophagesCryoelectron MicroscopyCyanobacteriaElectron Microscope TomographyEquipment DesignImaging, Three-DimensionalTime Factors

Identifiers

PMID25321408
PMCPMC4371552
OpenAlexW1972671887

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.