Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25320313›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2015

Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus ORF11 is essential for budded-virus production and occlusion-derived-virus envelopment.

Xue Ying Tao, Jae Young Choi, Woo Jin Kim, Saes Byeol An, Qin Liu, Song Eun Kim, Seok Hee Lee, Jong Hoon Kim, Soo Dong Woo, Byung Rae Jin and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Xue Ying TaoState Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Jae Young ChoiResearch Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Woo Jin KimDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Saes Byeol AnDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Qin LiuDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Song Eun KimDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Seok Hee LeeDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Jong Hoon KimDepartment of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
Soo Dong WooDepartment of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.
Byung Rae JinCollege of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, Pusan, South Korea.
Yeon Ho JeResearch Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea btrus@snu.ac.kr.
Seoul National University · KRChungbuk National University · KRDong-A University · KRNanchang University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

unlabelledORF11 (ac11) of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) is a highly conserved gene with unknown function. To determine the role of ac11 in the baculovirus life cycle, an ac11 knockout mutant of AcMNPV, Ac11KO, was constructed. Northern blot and 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) analyses revealed that ac11 is an early gene in the life cycle. Microscopy, titration assays, and Western blot analysis revealed that budded viruses (BVs) were not produced in Ac11KO-transfected Sf9 cells. However, quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis demonstrated that the deletion of ac11 did not affect viral DNA replication. Furthermore, electron microscopy revealed that there was no nucleocapsid in the cytoplasm or plasma membrane of Ac11KO-transfected cells, which demonstrates that the defect in BV production in Ac11KO-transfected cells is due to the inefficient egress of nucleocapsids from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In addition, electron microscopy observations showed that the nucleocapsids in the nucleus were not enveloped to form occlusion-derived viruses (ODVs) and that their subsequent embedding into occlusion bodies (OBs) was also blocked in Ac11KO-transfected cells, demonstrating that ac11 is required for ODV envelopment. These results therefore demonstrate that ac11 is an early gene that is essential for BV production and ODV envelopment. IMPORTANCE: Baculoviruses have been extensively used not only as specific, environmentally benign insecticides but also as helper-independent protein expression vectors. Although the function of baculovirus genes in viral replication has been studied by using gene knockout technology, the functions of more than one-third of viral genes, which include some highly conserved genes, are still unknown. In this study, ac11 was proven to play a crucial role in BV production and ODV envelopment. These results will lead to a better understanding of baculovirus infection cycles.

Indexed as

Virus AssemblyVirus ReleaseAnimalsCell NucleusCytoplasmGene Knockout TechniquesMicroscopy, ElectronNucleocapsidNucleopolyhedrovirusesReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionSf9 CellsSpodopteraTranscription, GeneticViral ProteinsVirus ReplicationViral Proteins

Identifiers

PMID25320313
PMCPMC4301119
OpenAlexW1988048239

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.