Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25320234›Full record

ArticleScience translational medicine2014

Regulatory T cells suppress muscle inflammation and injury in muscular dystrophy.

S Armando Villalta, Wendy Rosenthal, Leonel Martinez, Amanjot Kaur, Tim Sparwasser, James G Tidball, Marta Margeta, Melissa J Spencer, Jeffrey A Bluestone

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science translational medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 163 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
163citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

163 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 246 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
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  15. Peeling back the layers of immunogenicity in Cas9-based genomic medicine.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
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103 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

S Armando VillaltaDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. avillalta@diabetes.ucsf.edu.
Wendy RosenthalDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Leonel MartinezDepartment of Neurology and Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Amanjot KaurDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Tim SparwasserInstitute for Infection Immunology, Twincore, Hannover 30625, Germany.
James G TidballMolecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Marta MargetaDepartment of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Melissa J SpencerDepartment of Neurology and Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Jeffrey A BluestoneDiabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
University of California, San Francisco · USUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Training and education CoreU54AR052646 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI MCNALLY, ELIZABETH M, SWEENEY, H LEE · 2005 to 2020
$24.1M
Research BaseP30DK063720 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KRUMMEL, MATTHEW F · 2003 to 2019
$21.8M
Src tyrosine kinases and autoimmunity.P01AI035297 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI WEISS, ARTHUR · 1993 to 2010
$16.5M
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGYT32AI007334 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CYSTER, JASON G · 1988 to 2023
$11.0M
UCLA Muscular Dystrophy Core CenterP30AR057230 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SPENCER, MELISSA JAN · 2009 to 2018
$6.2M
Spontaneous Autoimmune Model of Peripheral NeuropathyR01AI050834 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BLUESTONE, JEFFREY A · 2002 to 2011
$3.1M
Myeloid Cell Function in Muscular DystrophyR01AR047721 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI TIDBALL, JAMES G · 2001 to 2005
$1.9M
IMMUNOMODULATION OF TRANSPLANT REJECTION BY ANTI-CD3 MABR01AI046643 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI BLUESTONE, JEFFREY A · 2000 to 2015
$1.8M
Immune cell regulation of the regeneration of dystrophic muscleR01AR062579 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI TIDBALL, JAMES G · 2014 to 2018
$1.7M
Targeting Therapeutic Molecules to Dystrophic Muscle via the Immune SystemR21AR066817 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI TIDBALL, JAMES G · 2014 to 2015
$373k
Regulatory T cells in Duchenne muscular dystrophyF32AR063575 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI VILLALTA, SERGIO ARMANDO · 2013 to 2014
$115k
NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI035297NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI35297NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI046643NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050834NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI46643NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI50834NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007334NIAMS NIH HHS 1F32AR063575-01A1NIAMS NIH HHS AR047721NIAMS NIH HHS AR062597NIAMS NIH HHS AR066817NIAMS NIH HHS F32 AR063575NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR057230NIAMS NIH HHS P30AR057230-0NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR047721NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR062579NIAMS NIH HHS R21 AR066817NIAMS NIH HHS U54 AR052646NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK063720NIDDK NIH HHS P30DK63720
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We examined the hypothesis that regulatory T cells (Tregs) modulate muscle injury and inflammation in the mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Although Tregs were largely absent in the muscle of wild-type mice and normal human muscle, they were present in necrotic lesions, displayed an activated phenotype, and showed increased expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in dystrophic muscle from mdx mice. Depletion of Tregs exacerbated muscle injury and the severity of muscle inflammation, which was characterized by an enhanced interferon-γ (IFN-γ) response and activation of M1 macrophages. To test the therapeutic value of targeting Tregs in muscular dystrophy, we treated mdx mice with IL-2/anti-IL-2 complexes and found that Tregs and IL-10 concentrations were increased in muscle, resulting in reduced expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and decreased myofiber injury. These findings suggest that Tregs modulate the progression of muscular dystrophy by suppressing type 1 inflammation in muscle associated with muscle fiber injury, and highlight the potential of Treg-modulating agents as therapeutics for DMD.

Indexed as

AnimalsDisease ProgressionHumansInflammationInterferon-gammaInterleukin-10Interleukin-2Lymphocyte ActivationMacrophage ActivationMice, Inbred mdxMuscle, SkeletalMuscular Dystrophy, AnimalMuscular Dystrophy, DuchennePhenotypeT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryInterferon-gammaInterleukin-10Interleukin-2

Identifiers

PMID25320234
PMCPMC4889432
OpenAlexW2062467557

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.