ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2014
Higher dietary choline intake is associated with lower risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver in normal-weight Chinese women.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in liver disease.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2019Guideline
- Choline status and related health outcomes in humans: A scoping review.Nutrition and health · 2026Article
- Chronic choline restriction remodels hepatic lipid metabolism and drives insulin resistance through a CD36-ETNPPL regulatory axis.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- Blood Focused-Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Uncover Non-Linear Risk Association of Inadequate Dietary Choline Intake-Linked Metabolic Stress with MASLD Through Amino Acid Biomarkers,International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Association Between Educational Attainment and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Choline supplementation in classic homocystinuria: impact on homocysteine and hepatic steatosis.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Nano-functionalized probiotic treats atherosclerosis via inhibiting intestinal microbiota-TMA-TMAO axis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease: Pathogenesis, model and treatment (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Chrysanthemum morifolium extract improves metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease by regulating lipid metabolism.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Associations of common fats and oils with cardiometabolic health outcomes in the Framingham Offspring cohort.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- [Research progress on clinical characteristics and pathological mechanisms of lean metabolic-associated fatty liver disease].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025Review
- Eggs, Dietary Choline, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Framingham Heart Study.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Unlocking the gut-liver axis: microbial contributions to the pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- The impact of choline supplementation on oxidative stress and clinical outcomes among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled study.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2025Article
- Aging promotes metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by inducing ferroptotic stress.Nature aging · 2024Article
- Dietary choline intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in U.S. adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- Article
- The Role of Choline, Soy Isoflavones, and Probiotics as Adjuvant Treatments in the Prevention and Management of NAFLD in Postmenopausal Women.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Nutritional Genomics in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- In Vivo and In Vitro Models to Study Liver Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Limitations.Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCholine deficiency has been shown to induce liver fat accumulation in both rodent and human studies. However, it is unclear whether dietary choline intake is related to fatty liver in the general population.
objectiveWe examined the association between choline intake and nonalcoholic fatty liver.
methodsParticipants included 56,195 Chinese women and men, 40-75 y of age, with no or negligible alcohol consumption and with no history of hepatitis, cardiovascular disease, or cancer. All participants reported undergoing liver ultrasonography. Fatty liver was defined by self-report of a physician diagnosis. Habitual dietary intakes were assessed via validated food-frequency questionnaires.
resultsThe average total choline intakes were 289 ± 85 mg/d in women and 318 ± 92 mg/d in men. Major food sources were eggs, soy foods, red meat, fish, and vegetables. A higher choline intake was associated with lower risk of fatty liver; after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and other dietary intakes, the ORs (95% CIs) for the highest vs. the lowest quintiles of choline intake were 0.68 (0.59, 0.79) in women and 0.75 (0.60, 0.93) in men (both P-trend < 0.01). The inverse association was attenuated after further adjustment for history of metabolic disease and, in particular, BMI. The corresponding ORs (95% CIs) were 0.88 (0.75, 1.03) in women (P-trend = 0.05) and 0.85 (0.68, 1.06) in men (P-trend = 0.09). Stratified analyses suggested a potential effect modification by obesity status in women; the OR (95% CI) across extreme quintiles was 0.72 (0.57, 0.91) in normal-weight women vs. 1.05 (0.84, 1.31) in overweight or obese women (P-trend = 0.007 vs. 0.99, P-interaction < 0.0001).
conclusionHigher dietary choline intake may be associated with lower risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver only in normal-weight Chinese women.
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