Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25318460›Full record

ArticleAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry2015

Quantitative mass spectrometry imaging of emtricitabine in cervical tissue model using infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization.

Mark T Bokhart, Elias Rosen, Corbin Thompson, Craig Sykes, Angela D M Kashuba, David C Muddiman

Open access · greenAbstract readEvaluation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Enhancing the Sensitivity of Mass Spectrometry Imaging through Spatial Signal Averaging.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Feasibility of IR-MALDESI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of PFAS.Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Quantitative mass spectrometry imaging (qMSI): A tutorial.Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS · 2024
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mark T BokhartW.M. Keck Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Elias Rosen
Corbin Thompson
Craig Sykes
Angela D M Kashuba
David C Muddiman
North Carolina State University · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

Virology, Immunology, and Microbiology CoreP30AI050410 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI DAVID M. MARGOLIS · 2001 to 2026
$76.9M
Using NK Cells to eliminate the latent HIV reservoirU19AI096113 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI OTT, MELANIE MARIA · 2011 to 2015
$39.5M
Development and Application of New Ionization Methods for Biological Mass SpectrometryR01GM087964 · NIGMS · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI MUDDIMAN, DAVID C. · 2010 to 2025
$4.7M
Multi-Species Mechanisms of Drug Bio-distribution in HIV Tissue ReservoirsR01AI111891 · NIAID · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KASHUBA, ANGELA D · 2014 to 2018
$4.3M
NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050410NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI111891NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI096113NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM087964NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM087964
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A quantitative mass spectrometry imaging (QMSI) technique using infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI) is demonstrated for the antiretroviral (ARV) drug emtricitabine in incubated human cervical tissue. Method development of the QMSI technique leads to a gain in sensitivity and removal of interferences for several ARV drugs. Analyte response was significantly improved by a detailed evaluation of several cationization agents. Increased sensitivity and removal of an isobaric interference was demonstrated with sodium chloride in the electrospray solvent. Voxel-to-voxel variability was improved for the MSI experiments by normalizing analyte abundance to a uniformly applied compound with similar characteristics to the drug of interest. Finally, emtricitabine was quantified in tissue with a calibration curve generated from the stable isotope-labeled analog of emtricitabine followed by cross-validation using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The quantitative IR-MALDESI analysis proved to be reproducible with an emtricitabine concentration of 17.2 ± 1.8 μg/gtissue. This amount corresponds to the detection of 7 fmol/voxel in the IR-MALDESI QMSI experiment. Adjacent tissue slices were analyzed using LC-MS/MS which resulted in an emtricitabine concentration of 28.4 ± 2.8 μg/gtissue.

Indexed as

Diagnostic ImagingFemaleHumansPapillomavirus VaccinesSpectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationUterine Cervical Neoplasmshuman papillomavirus vaccine, L1 type 16, 18Papillomavirus Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID25318460
PMCPMC4495968
OpenAlexW2315594748

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.