ReviewThe Korean journal of pain2014
Safe Sedation and Hypnosis using Dexmedetomidine for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery in a Prone Position.
Review in The Korean journal of pain, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Incidence of bradycardia in pediatric patients receiving dexmedetomidine anesthesia: a meta-analysis.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2017Pooled it
- Comparison of the effect of melatonin, dexmedetomidine, and gabapentin on reduction of postoperative pain and anxiety following laminectomy: a randomized clinical trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Comparison of remifentanil with dexmedetomidine for monitored anaesthesia care in elderly patients during vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty.The Journal of international medical research · 2016Trial
- USG-guided unilateral retrolaminar block decreases pain and enhances patient comfort during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a prospective study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Key Risk Factors for Postoperative Hypotension in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients After Endoscopic Surgery: A Retrospective Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Article
- Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Medetomidine.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2024Review
- Facet joint disorders: from diagnosis to treatment.The Korean journal of pain · 2024Review
- Observational
- Perioperative Hypotension in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Upper Extremity Surgery with Dexmedetomidine Sedation: A Retrospective Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Anesthesia methods for full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Complete lumbarization with calcified disc herniations at L5S1 and S1-2 levels treated with percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy: a case report and technique note.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
- Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of opioid use disorder under the supervision of opioid stewardship programs: it's time to act now.The Korean journal of pain · 2022Review
- Efficacy and safety of low dose oral ketamine for controlling pain and distress during intravenous cannulation in children: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.The Korean journal of pain · 2022Article
- Sedation for magnetic resonance imaging in the prone position - A report of four cases.Anesthesia and pain medicine · 2022Article
- The Role of miRNAs in Dexmedetomidine's Neuroprotective Effects against Brain Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Clinical effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil on postoperative analgesia for transthoracic device closure of ventricular septal defects in children with ultrafast track anesthesia.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2021Article
- Perineural Epinephrine for Brachial Plexus Block Increases the Incidence of Hypotension during Dexmedetomidine Infusion: A Single-Center, Randomized, Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Risk Factor for Additional Intravenous Medication during Transforaminal Full-endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy under Local Anesthesia.Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine, an imidazoline compound, is a highly selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist with sympatholytic, sedative, amnestic, and analgesic properties. In order to minimize the patients' pain and anxiety during minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) when compared to conventional surgery under general anesthesia, an adequate conscious sedation (CS) or monitored anesthetic care (MAC) should be provided. Commonly used intravenous sedatives and hypnotics, such as midazolam and propofol, are not suitable for operations in a prone position due to undesired respiratory depression. Dexmedetomidine converges on an endogenous non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep-promoting pathway to exert its sedative effects. The great merit of dexmedetomidine for CS or MAC is the ability of the operator to recognize nerve damage during percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy, a representative MISS. However, there are 2 shortcomings for dexmedetomidine in MISS: hypotension/bradycardia and delayed emergence. Its hypotension/bradycardiac effects can be prevented by ketamine intraoperatively. Using atipamezole (an α2-adrenoceptor antagonist) might allow doctors to control the rate of recovery from procedural sedation in the future. MAC, with other analgesics such as ketorolac and opioids, creates ideal conditions for MISS. In conclusion, dexmedetomidine provides a favorable surgical condition in patients receiving MISS in a prone position due to its unique properties of conscious sedation followed by unconscious hypnosis with analgesia. However, no respiratory depression occurs based on the dexmedetomidine-related endogenous sleep pathways involves the inhibition of the locus coeruleus in the pons, which facilitates VLPO firing in the anterior hypothalamus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.