ArticleDiabetologia2015
Association of urinary KIM-1, L-FABP, NAG and NGAL with incident end-stage renal disease and mortality in American Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in Diabetologia, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase as a prognostic marker for diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetics: systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2024Pooled it
- Performance of urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein in diabetic nephropathy: A meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic models of diabetic microvascular complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Are Urinary Tubular Injury Markers Useful in Chronic Kidney Disease? A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on Kidney Tubule Injury: Findings From the ACCORD Trial Study Participants.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2019Trial
- Urine Injury Biomarkers and Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Recipients of Prevalent Kidney Transplants: The Folic Acid for Vascular Outcome Reduction in Transplantation Trial.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2016Trial
- Plasma and Urinary KIM-1 in Chronic Kidney Disease: Prognostic Value, Associations with Albuminuria, and Implications for Kidney Failure and Mortality.American journal of nephrology · 2025Article
- Urinary L-FABP: A Novel Biomarker for Evaluating Diabetic Nephropathy Onset and Progression. A Narrative Review.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Review
- Prognostic implications of multiple chamber longitudinal strains and myocardial work in restrictive cardiomyopathy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Urine biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without microvascular complications.Nutrition & diabetes · 2024Article
- Urinary non-albumin protein-creatinine ratio is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) as a potential early biomarker for diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis.International journal of biochemistry and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Astragaloside IV attenuates renal tubule injury in DKD rats via suppression of CD36-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Urinary Liver-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein, a Biomarker for Disease Progression, Dialysis and Overall Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Revisiting the Role of NAG across the Continuum of Kidney Disease.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Comparison of BTP, NGAL, KIM-1, & ADMA biomarkers in CKD and non-CKD subjects.International journal of biochemistry and molecular biology · 2023Article
- Review of potential biomarkers of inflammation and kidney injury in diabetic kidney disease.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2022Review
- Novel biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2022Article
- Diagnosis of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: State of the Art and Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisKidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) are urinary biomarkers of renal tubular injury. We examined their association with incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and all-cause mortality in American Indians with type 2 diabetes.
methodsBiomarker concentrations were measured in baseline urine samples in 260 Pima Indians who were followed for a median of 14 years. HRs were reported per SD of creatinine (Cr)-normalised log-transformed KIM-1, NAG and NGAL, and for three categories of L-FABP.
resultsDuring follow-up, 74 participants developed ESRD and 101 died. Median concentrations of KIM-1/Cr, NAG/Cr and NGAL/Cr and the proportion of detectable L-FABP were highest in those with macroalbuminuria (p < 0.001 for KIM-1/Cr, NAG/Cr and L-FABP; p = 0.006 for NGAL/Cr). After multivariable adjustment, NGAL/Cr was positively associated with ESRD (HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.20, 2.11) and mortality (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.06, 1.82); L-FABP/Cr was inversely associated with ESRD (HR [for highest vs lowest tertile] 0.40, 95% CI 0.19, 0.83). Addition of NGAL/Cr to models that included albuminuria and glomerular filtration rate increased the c-statistic for predicting ESRD from 0.828 to 0.833 (p = 0.001) and for death from 0.710 to 0.722 (p = 0.018). Addition of L-FABP/Cr increased the c-statistic for ESRD from 0.828 to 0.832 (p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationIn Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes, urinary concentrations of NGAL and L-FABP are associated with important health outcomes, but they are unlikely to add to risk prediction with standard markers in a clinically meaningful way given the small increase in the c-statistic.
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