Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25314058›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of cancer2014

Association of serum α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and retinol with liver cancer incidence and chronic liver disease mortality.

G Y Lai, S J Weinstein, D Albanes, P R Taylor, J Virtamo, K A McGlynn, N D Freedman

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Function of TRPC1 in modulating hepatocellular carcinoma progression.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Tocopherols in cancer: An update.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2016
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

G Y Lai1] Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA [2] Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E316, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
S J WeinsteinNutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E316, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
D AlbanesNutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E316, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
P R TaylorGenetic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
J VirtamoDepartment of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
K A McGlynnHormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
N D FreedmanNutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Room 6E316, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
National Cancer Institute · USDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FI

Funding

U S-FINLAND STUDIES OF NUTRITION AND CANCERN01CN045165 · CN · NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE · PI HEINONEN, OLLI P · 1985 to 1996
–
CCR NIH HHS N01 RC037004CCR NIH HHS N01-RC-45035Intramural NIH HHSNCI NIH HHS N01 CN045165
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMicronutrients may influence the development or progression of liver cancer and liver disease. We evaluated the association of serum α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and retinol with incident liver cancer and chronic liver disease (CLD) mortality in a prospective cohort of middle-aged Finnish male smokers.

methodsBaseline and 3-year follow-up serum were available from 29,046 and 22,805 men, respectively. After 24 years of follow-up, 208 men were diagnosed with liver cancer and 237 died from CLD. Hazards ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for highest vs lowest quartiles from multivariate proportional hazards models.

resultsHigher β-carotene and retinol levels were associated with less liver cancer (β-carotene: 0.35, 0.22-0.55, P-trend <0.0001; retinol: 0.58, 0.39-0.85, P-trend=0.0009) and CLD mortality (β-carotene: 0.47, 0.30-0.75, P-trend=0.001; retinol: 0.55, 0.38-0.78, P-trend=0.0007). α-Tocopherol was associated with CLD mortality (0.63, 0.40-0.99, P-trend=0.06), but not with liver cancer (1.06, 0.64-1.74, P-trend=0.77). Participants with higher levels of β-carotene and retinol, but not α-tocopherol, at both baseline and year 3 had lower risk of each outcome than those with lower levels.

conclusionsOur findings suggest that higher concentrations of β-carotene and retinol are associated with incident liver cancer and CLD. However, such data do not indicate that supplementation should be considered for these diseases.

Indexed as

Agedalpha-Tocopherolbeta CaroteneChronic DiseaseHumansIncidenceLiver DiseasesLiver NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedVitamin Aalpha-Tocopherolbeta CaroteneVitamin A

Identifiers

PMID25314058
PMCPMC4260018
OpenAlexW2057503741

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.