ArticlePloS one2014
Interleukin-1β induces blood-brain barrier disruption by downregulating Sonic hedgehog in astrocytes.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 204 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
204 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 280 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Therapeutic Potential of Purmorphamine Across Disease Models.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- The neuroimmune network in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: from mechanistic insights to biomarker-guided immunotherapies and clinical translation.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Soluble TREM2 Mediates Blood Brain Barrier Permeability through Astrocyte Reactivity.Research square · 2026Article
- Heart Meets Brain: Insights into Neurocardiac Pathophysiology.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Review
- Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Severity: Association with Cytokine Profile in Febrile, Meningeal, and Encephalitic Forms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Development of a Human 3D Immune-Competent Neurovascular Model Enabling Time-Resolved Monitoring of Neuroinflammatory Dynamics and Neuroimmune Interactions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- MCC950 suppresses NLRP3-dependent neuroinflammation and ameliorates cognitive decline in a rat model of cerebral small vessel disease.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Intravitreal Adalimumab in Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Prospective Pilot Study Assessing Ocular Safety and Feasibility.Cureus · 2026Article
- Association Between Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Parkinson's Disease.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
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- Therapeutic targeting of blood-derived protein infiltration to modulate neuroinflammation in cerebellar ataxia.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective Effect of Lemon-derived Exosome-like Nanovesicles On Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia/reperfusion Injury in Rat.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Astrocytes and Their Implications for the Blood-Brain Barrier's Integrity and Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Loss of Endothelial YAP/TAZ Reduces the Size of Chronic Stroke Lesions and Alters the Endothelial Environment.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis and Research Models of Acute Influenza-Associated Encephalitis/Encephalopathy: An Update.Viruses · 2026Review
144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is composed of capillary endothelial cells, pericytes, and perivascular astrocytes, which regulate central nervous system homeostasis. Sonic hedgehog (SHH) released from astrocytes plays an important role in the maintenance of BBB integrity. BBB disruption and microglial activation are common pathological features of various neurologic diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a major pro-inflammatory cytokine released from activated microglia, increases BBB permeability. Here we show that IL-1β abolishes the protective effect of astrocytes on BBB integrity by suppressing astrocytic SHH production. Astrocyte conditioned media, SHH, or SHH signal agonist strengthened BBB integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins, whereas SHH signal inhibitor abrogated these effects. Moreover, IL-1β increased astrocytic production of pro-inflammatory chemokines such as CCL2, CCL20, and CXCL2, which induce immune cell migration and exacerbate BBB disruption and neuroinflammation. Our findings suggest that astrocytic SHH is a potential therapeutic target that could be used to restore disrupted BBB in patients with neurologic diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.