ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2015
Blood-based gene-expression biomarkers of post-traumatic stress disorder among deployed marines: A pilot study.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Altered gene expression and PTSD symptom dimensions in World Trade Center responders.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Epigenome-wide meta-analysis of PTSD symptom severity in three military cohorts implicates DNA methylation changes in genes involved in immune system and oxidative stress.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- PTSD Blood Transcriptome Mega-Analysis: Shared Inflammatory Pathways across Biological Sex and Modes of Trauma.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Pooled it
- Intranasal oxytocin administration impacts the acquisition and consolidation of trauma-associated memories: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled experimental study in healthy women.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Dynamic immune and metabolic dysregulation in women with post-traumatic stress disorder: Longitudinal transcriptomic insights following sexual assault.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Novel epigenetic loci identified from an epigenome-wide association study underlying brain structural changes in bipolar disorder.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- Psychological trauma increases blood pressure sensitivity to angiotensin II via T-lymphocytes independent of psychopathology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Genetic Alterations in War-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review.Bulletin of emergency and trauma · 2025Review
- Psychological trauma increases blood pressure sensitivity to angiotensin II via T-lymphocytes independent of psychopathology.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Fear memory regulation by the cAMP signaling pathway as an index of reexperiencing symptoms in posttraumatic stress disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Applications of artificial intelligence-machine learning for detection of stress: a critical overview.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- Biomarkers of stress resilience: A review.Neuroscience applied · 2024Article
- Systematic review of machine learning in PTSD studies for automated diagnosis evaluation.Npj mental health research · 2023Review
- Discovery and replication of blood-based proteomic signature of PTSD in 9/11 responders.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- PTSD, Immune System, and Inflammation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Article
- Defining the nuanced nature of redox biology in post-traumatic stress disorder.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Mineralocorticoid receptor and glucocorticoid receptor work alone and together in cell-type-specific manner: Implications for resilience prediction and targeted therapy.Neurobiology of stress · 2022Article
- Genetically regulated multi-omics study for symptom clusters of posttraumatic stress disorder highlights pleiotropy with hematologic and cardio-metabolic traits.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Article
- Integrated Analysis of miRNA and mRNA Expression Profiles Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Therapeutic Drugs.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The etiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) likely involves the interaction of numerous genes and environmental factors. Similarly, gene-expression levels in peripheral blood are influenced by both genes and environment, and expression levels of many genes show good correspondence between peripheral blood and brain tissues. In that context, this pilot study sought to test the following hypotheses: (1) post-trauma expression levels of a gene subset in peripheral blood would differ between Marines with and without PTSD; (2) a diagnostic biomarker panel of PTSD among high-risk individuals could be developed based on gene-expression in readily assessable peripheral blood cells; and (3) a diagnostic panel based on expression of individual exons would surpass the accuracy of a model based on expression of full-length gene transcripts. Gene-expression levels in peripheral blood samples from 50 U.S. Marines (25 PTSD cases and 25 non-PTSD comparison subjects) were determined by microarray following their return from deployment to war-zones in Iraq or Afghanistan. The original sample was carved into training and test subsets for construction of support vector machine classifiers. The panel of peripheral blood biomarkers achieved 80% prediction accuracy in the test subset based on the expression of just two full-length transcripts (GSTM1 and GSTM2). A biomarker panel based on 20 exons attained an improved 90% accuracy in the test subset. Though further refinement and replication of these biomarker profiles are required, these preliminary results provide proof-of-principle for the diagnostic utility of blood-based mRNA-expression in PTSD among trauma-exposed individuals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.