ArticleBMJ open2014
Weekly working hours for Norwegian hospital doctors since 1994 with special attention to postgraduate training, work-home balance and the European working time directive: a panel study.
Article in BMJ open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- «Doctors must live»: a care ethics inquiry into physicians' late modern suffering.Medicine, health care, and philosophy · 2025Article
- Compliance with mandatory reporting of intimate partner violence among professionals in Norway.BMC public health · 2025Article
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- Job satisfaction and work stress among physicians in Norway and Germany-A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2024Article
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- Understanding peer support: a qualitative interview study of doctors one year after seeking support.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Hospital physicians´ working hour characteristics and sleep quality: a cross-sectional analysis of realized working hour and survey data.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Changes in job satisfaction among doctors in Norway from 2010 to 2017: a study based on repeated surveys.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Perceived bullying among Norwegian doctors in 1993, 2004 and 2014-2015: a study based on cross-sectional and repeated surveys.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Analysis of gender-based differences among surgeons in Japan: results of a survey conducted by the Japan Surgical Society. Part 1: Working style.Surgery today · 2018Article
- Article
- The impact of the European Working Time Directive 10 years on: views of the UK medical graduates of 2002 surveyed in 2013-2014.JRSM open · 2016Article
- Satisfaction with work-life balance among U.S. gynecologic oncologists, a cross-sectional study.American journal of clinical and experimental obstetrics and gynecologyArticle
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesTo examine the weekly working hours of Norwegian hospital doctors from 1994 to 2012 with special emphasis on the quality of postgraduate training and work-home balance, and in relation to the requirements of the European Working Time Directive (EWTD).
designPanel study based on postal questionnaires.
settingNorway.
participantsUnbalanced cohort of 1300-1600 doctors in 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010 and 2012. OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-reported total weekly working hours and whether 45 weekly working hours are too short, sufficient, or too long to meet the quality requirements of obligatory postgraduate training for junior doctors.
resultsFrom 1994 to 2012, the number of weekly working hours was stable for senior (46-47 h) and junior (45-46 h) hospital doctors. In 2012, significantly more senior (27-35%) than junior (11-20%) doctors reported suboptimal work-home balance, defined as working more than 48 h a week. The majority perceived the present situation with an average of 45 h per week for juniors as sufficient for obligatory postgraduate specialist training, but doctors of higher age (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.08), senior doctors (1.07, 1.04 to 1.11) and doctors working in surgical specialties (OR 1 vs laboratory medicine 0.03, 0.01 to 0.25, internal medicine 0.31, 0.17 to 0.58, psychiatry 0.12, 0.04 to 0.36, paediatrics 0.36, 0.12 to 1.07, anaesthesiology 0.08, 0.02 to 0.39, gynaecology 0.07, 0.01 to 0.56 and others 0.39, 0.04 to 3.56) were more likely to want the work-week to be longer.
conclusionsThe weekly working hours of Norwegian hospital doctors were always below the EWTD requirements. A significant growth of hospital doctor density over the past two decades, national regulations and cultural values might be important factors. Specialty differences in perception of sufficient training time may call for more flexibility in working time regulations.
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