ArticleThe Journal of investigative dermatology2015
The peripheral clock regulates human pigmentation.
Article in The Journal of investigative dermatology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Circadian Skin: Chronobiology as a New Frontier in Dermatological Therapy.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Circadian Clock Regulates Epidermal Endocrine System in Homeostatic Skin Pigmentation.Experimental dermatology · 2026Article
- Methods to Study Human Hair Follicle Growth Ex Vivo: Human Microdissected Hair Follicle and Human Full-Thickness Skin Organ Culture.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- The Impact of Sleep Quality on Skin Color.Indian dermatology online journal · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of ginsenosides in circadian rhythm-based skin disorders.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Review
- Circadian clock communication during homeostasis and ageing.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2025Review
- Interplay of Light, Melatonin, and Circadian Genes in Skin Pigmentation Regulation.Pigment cell & melanoma research · 2025Article
- The Influence of Circadian Rhythms on DNA Damage Repair in Skin Photoaging.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- The Emerging Role of Visible Light in Melanocyte Biology and Skin Pigmentary Disorders: Friend or Foe?Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Melanogenesis Is Directly Affected by Metabolites of Melatonin in Human Melanoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- mTORC1 activity negatively regulates human hair follicle growth and pigmentation.EMBO reports · 2023Article
- Overview of the Circadian Clock in the Hair Follicle Cycle.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Melatonin inhibits senescence-associated melanin pigmentation through the p53-TYR pathway in human primary melanocytes and the skin of C57BL/6 J mice after UVB irradiation.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- The Melatonin-Mitochondrial Axis: Engaging the Repercussions of Ultraviolet Radiation Photoaging on the Skin's Circadian Rhythm.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Adiponectin negatively regulates pigmentation, Wnt/β-catenin and HGF/c-Met signalling within human scalp hair follicles ex vivo.Archives of dermatological research · 2023Article
- Circadian Oscillations in Skin and Their Interconnection with the Cycle of Life.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Hair Follicles as a Critical Model for Monitoring the Circadian Clock.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Cryptochrome 1 activation inhibits melanogenesis and melanosome transport through negative regulation of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Circadian rhythms in psoriasis and the potential of chronotherapy in psoriasis management.Experimental dermatology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although the regulation of pigmentation is well characterized, it remains unclear whether cell-autonomous controls regulate the cyclic on-off switching of pigmentation in the hair follicle (HF). As human HFs and epidermal melanocytes express clock genes and proteins, and given that core clock genes (PER1, BMAL1) modulate human HF cycling, we investigated whether peripheral clock activity influences human HF pigmentation. We found that silencing BMAL1 or PER1 in human HFs increased HF melanin content. Furthermore, tyrosinase expression and activity, as well as TYRP1 and TYRP2 mRNA levels, gp100 protein expression, melanocyte dendricity, and the number gp100+ HF melanocytes, were all significantly increased in BMAL1 and/or PER1-silenced HFs. BMAL1 or PER1 silencing also increased epidermal melanin content, gp100 protein expression, and tyrosinase activity in human skin. These effects reflect direct modulation of melanocytes, as BMAL1 and/or PER1 silencing in isolated melanocytes increased tyrosinase activity and TYRP1/2 expression. Mechanistically, BMAL1 knockdown reduces PER1 transcription, and PER1 silencing induces phosphorylation of the master regulator of melanogenesis, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, thus stimulating human melanogenesis and melanocyte activity in situ and in vitro. Therefore, the molecular clock operates as a cell-autonomous modulator of human pigmentation and may be targeted for future therapeutic strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.