Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25309850›Full record

ArticleCurrent opinion in insect science2014

Mosquito hemocyte-mediated immune responses.

Julián F Hillyer, Michael R Strand

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current opinion in insect science, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
92citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

92 citing papers in PubMed.

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  9. International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
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  19. Article
  20. A single-cell atlas of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article

32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Julián F HillyerDepartment of Biological Sciences and Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Michael R StrandDepartment of Entomology and Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.

Funding

ENDOCRINOLOGY OF MOSQUITO REPRODUCTIONR01AI033108 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA (UGA) · PI STRAND, MICHAEL · 1992 to 2024
$5.8M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI033108
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hemocytes are a key component of the mosquito immune system that kill pathogens via phagocytic, lytic and melanization pathways. Individual mosquitoes contain between 500 and 4,000 hemocytes, which are divided into three populations named granulocytes, oenocytoids and prohemocytes. Hemocytes can also be divided by their anatomical location with 75% of hemocytes circulating in the hemocoel (circulating hemocytes) and 25% of hemocytes attaching themselves to tissues (sessile hemocytes). Greater than 85% of the hemocytes in adult mosquitoes are granulocytes, which primarily kill pathogens by phagocytosis or lysis. Oenocytoids, on the other hand, are the major producers of the enzymes required for melanization while prohemocytes are small cells that participate in phagocytosis. Both circulating and sessile hemocytes engage in defense against pathogens. The circulatory system of mosquitoes also interacts with hemocytes and facilitates elimination of potential pathogens that enter the hemocoel.

Indexed as

hemocyteimmunitylysismelanizationMosquitophagocytosis

Identifiers

PMID25309850
PMCPMC4190037

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.