Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25309541›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2014

Soluble mediators regulating immunity in early life.

Matthew Aaron Pettengill, Simon Daniël van Haren, Ofer Levy

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Immune development in early life.Nature immunology · 2026
    Review
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  7. Zebrafish (International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
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  12. How CD4Biomedicines · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Matthew Aaron PettengillDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA , USA ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
Simon Daniël van HarenDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA , USA ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
Ofer LevyDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, MA , USA ; Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , USA.
Boston Children's Hospital · USHarvard University · US

Funding

Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research TrainingT32HD055148 · NICHD · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI WESSELS, MICHAEL R · 2008 to 2018
$2.7M
Modeling distinct neonatal purine metabolism to inform vaccine developmentR01AI100135 · NIAID · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI LEVY, OFER · 2012 to 2016
$2.5M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI100135NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD055148
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Soluble factors in blood plasma have a substantial impact on both the innate and adaptive immune responses. The complement system, antibodies, and anti-microbial proteins and peptides can directly interact with potential pathogens, protecting against systemic infection. Levels of these innate effector proteins are generally lower in neonatal circulation at term delivery than in adults, and lower still at preterm delivery. The extracellular environment also has a critical influence on immune cell maturation, activation, and effector functions, and many of the factors in plasma, including hormones, vitamins, and purines, have been shown to influence these processes for leukocytes of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. The ontogeny of plasma factors can be viewed in the context of a lower effectiveness of immune responses to infection and immunization in early life, which may be influenced by the striking neonatal deficiency of complement system proteins or enhanced neonatal production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, among other ontogenic differences. Accordingly, we survey here a number of soluble mediators in plasma for which age-dependent differences in abundance may influence the ontogeny of immune function, particularly direct innate interaction and skewing of adaptive lymphocyte activity in response to infectious microorganisms and adjuvanted vaccines.

Indexed as

immuneimmunoregulatoryneonatalplasmaserum

Identifiers

PMID25309541
PMCPMC4173950
OpenAlexW1968147520

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.