ReviewFrontiers in immunology2014
T cell-macrophage interactions and granuloma formation in vasculitis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Amino acid metabolism modulates macrophage polarization: implications for autoimmune-related diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neutrophils and Platelets as Key Players in the Pathogenesis of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis and Potential Sources of Disease Activity Biomarkers.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immunopathology of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Immune cell crosstalk between ANCA-associated vasculitis and IgG4-related disease: an unresolved pathogenic link.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Granulomatous inflammatory responses are elicited in the liver of PD-1 knockout mice byDiscovery immunology · 2025Article
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- A Breakthrough in the Treatment of Necrobiosis Lipoidica? Update on Treatment, Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Clinical Presentation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
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- Adjuvants influence the immune cell populations present at the injection site granuloma induced by whole-cell inactivated paratuberculosis vaccines in sheep.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Regulation of Macrophage Polarization in Allergy by Noncoding RNAs.Non-coding RNA · 2023Review
- Regulatory B cells are reduced in the blood in patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and fail to regulate T-cell IFN-γ production.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2023Article
- Common Autoantibody among Takayasu Arteritis and Ulcerative Colitis: A Possible Pathophysiology That Includes Gut-Vessel Connection in Vascular Inflammation.JMA journal · 2023Review
- New Insights into Pathogenesis and Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Autoantibodies and Beyond.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A mathematical model and numerical simulation for SARS-CoV-2 dynamics.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes: Implications of inflammation and oxidative stress.World journal of diabetes · 2023Review
- An immunoinformatic approach to assessing the immunogenic capacity of alpha-neurotoxins in elapid snake venoms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- PD1, CTLA4 and TIGIT Expression on T and NK Cells in Granulomatous Diseases: Sarcoidosis and ANCA-Associated Vasculitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of vascular damage in ANCA vasculitis.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Granuloma formation, bringing into close proximity highly activated macrophages and T cells, is a typical event in inflammatory blood vessel diseases, and is noted in the name of several of the vasculitides. It is not known whether specific properties of the microenvironment in the blood vessel wall or the immediate surroundings of blood vessels contribute to granuloma formation and, in some cases, generation of multinucleated giant cells. Granulomas provide a specialized niche to optimize macrophage-T cell interactions, strongly activating both cell types. This is mirrored by the intensity of the systemic inflammation encountered in patients with vasculitis, often presenting with malaise, weight loss, fever, and strongly upregulated acute phase responses. As a sophisticated and highly organized structure, granulomas can serve as an ideal site to induce differentiation and maturation of T cells. The granulomas possibly seed aberrant Th1 and Th17 cells into the circulation, which are known to be the main pathogenic cells in vasculitis. Through the induction of memory T cells, aberrant innate immune responses can imprint the host immune system for decades to come and promote chronicity of the disease process. Improved understanding of T cell-macrophage interactions will redefine pathogenic models in the vasculitides and provide new avenues for immunomodulatory therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.