ArticleGastroenterology2015
Association of coffee intake with reduced incidence of liver cancer and death from chronic liver disease in the US multiethnic cohort.
Article in Gastroenterology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 186 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tea and liver fibrosis: a bibliometric analysis of mechanisms, translational challenges, and emerging trends.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- 2022 KLCA-NCC Korea practice guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2022Guideline
- Caffeinated Coffee Consumption and Health Outcomes in the US Population: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis and Estimation of Disease Cases and Deaths Avoided.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- 2018 Korean Liver Cancer Association-National Cancer Center Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Korean journal of radiology · 2019Guideline
- 2018 Korean Liver Cancer Association-National Cancer Center Korea Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Gut and liver · 2019Guideline
- Coffee consumption and liver cancer risk in Japan: a meta-analysis of six prospective cohort studies.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- An updated dose-response meta-analysis of coffee consumption and liver cancer risk.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Coffee Consumption and Its Potential Implications for Digestive Tract Carcinogenesis.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Serum biomarker screening and metabolic profiling analysis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients using untargeted metabolomics and machine learning techniques.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Article
- Chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatology communications · 2025Review
- Causal associations between dietary habits and liver cancer risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Coffee: nature's remedy for liver disease.Canadian liver journal · 2024Article
- Beyond the Liver: A Comprehensive Review of Strategies to Prevent Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Diabetes risk reduction diet and risk of liver cancer and chronic liver disease mortality: A prospective cohort study.Journal of internal medicine · 2024Observational
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Outcomes After the Development of Ascites: A National Cohort Study.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2024Article
- Coffee Drinking and the Odds of Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Middle-Aged and Older Americans: A Cross-Sectional Study in NHANES 2005-2014.Calcified tissue international · 2024Article
- Coffee, adenosine, and the liver.Purinergic signalling · 2024Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsCoffee consumption has been proposed to reduce risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver disease (CLD), but few data are available from prospective, US multiethnic populations. We evaluated the association of coffee intake with HCC and CLD in 162,022 African Americans, Native Hawaiians, Japanese Americans, Latinos, and whites in the US Multiethnic Cohort (MEC).
methodsWe collected data from the MEC, a population-based prospective cohort study of >215,000 men and women from Hawaii and California, assembled in 1993-1996. Participants reported coffee consumption and other dietary and lifestyle factors when they joined the study. During an 18-year follow-up period, there were 451 incident cases of HCC and 654 deaths from CLD. Hazard rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox regression, adjusting for known HCC risk factors.
resultsHigh levels of coffee consumption were associated with reduced risk of incident HCC and CLD mortality (Ptrend ≤ .0002). Compared with non-coffee drinkers, those who drank 2-3 cups per day had a 38% reduction in risk for HCC (RR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.46-0.84); those who drank ≥4 cups per day had a 41% reduction in HCC risk (RR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.35-0.99). Compared with non-coffee drinkers, participants who consumed 2-3 cups coffee per day had a 46% reduction in risk of death from CLD (RR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.42-0.69) and those who drank ≥4 cups per day had a 71% reduction (RR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.17-0.50). The inverse associations were similar regardless of the participants' ethnicity, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, or diabetes status.
conclusionsIncreased coffee consumption reduces the risk of HCC and CLD in multiethnic US populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.