Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25305072›Full record

ArticleOsteoarthritis and cartilage2014

Pain trajectory groups in persons with, or at high risk of, knee osteoarthritis: findings from the Knee Clinical Assessment Study and the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

E Nicholls, E Thomas, D A van der Windt, P R Croft, G Peat

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. SPOT: An Early Detection Tool for Predicting Pain Trajectories Following Intra-Articular Injections.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026
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4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

E NichollsArthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom. Electronic address: e.nicholls@keele.ac.uk.
E ThomasArthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom. Electronic address: e.thomas@keele.ac.uk.
D A van der WindtArthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom. Electronic address: d.van.der.windt@keele.ac.uk.
P R CroftArthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom. Electronic address: p.r.croft@keele.ac.uk.
G PeatArthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom. Electronic address: g.m.peat@keele.ac.uk.

Funding

DATA COORDINATING CENTER FOR THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE-264022258N01AR022258 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SYS OFFICE/PRES · 2003 to 2003
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CLINICAL CENTERS FOR THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE-264022259-264022259N01AR022259 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND AT BALT · PI HOCHBERG, MARC C. · 2002 to 2006
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CLINICAL CENTERS FOR THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE-N01AR22260N01AR022260 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH · PI KWOH, KENT · 2002 to 2006
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CLINICAL CENTERS FOR THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE-N01AR22261N01AR022261 · NIAMS · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH · PI JACKSON, REBECCA · 2002 to 2006
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CLINICAL CENTER FOR THE OSTEOARTHRITIS-264022262-264022262N01AR022262 · NIAMS · THE MEMORIAL HOSPITAL · PI ASSAF, ANNLOUISE R. · 2002 to 2006
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Arthritis Research UK 18175Medical Research Council G0501798Medical Research Council G9900220NIAMS NIH HHS N01-AR-2-2258NIAMS NIH HHS N01-AR-2-2259NIAMS NIH HHS N01-AR-2-2260NIAMS NIH HHS N01-AR-2-2261NIAMS NIH HHS N01-AR-2-2262Versus Arthritis 18174
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe authors aimed to characterize distinct trajectories of knee pain in adults who had, or were at high risk of, knee osteoarthritis using data from two population-based cohorts.

methodLatent class growth analysis was applied to measures of knee pain severity on activity obtained at 18-month intervals for up to 6 years between 2002 and 2009 from symptomatic participants aged over 50 years in the Knee Clinical Assessment Study (CAS-K) in the United Kingdom. The optimum latent class growth model from CAS-K was then tested for reproducibility in a matched sample of participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) in the United States.

resultsA 5-class linear model produced interpretable trajectories in CAS-K with reasonable goodness of fit and which were labelled "Mild, non-progressive" (N = 201, 35%), "Progressive" (N = 162, 28%), "Moderate" (N = 124, 22%) "Improving" (N = 68, 12%), and "Severe, non-improving" (N = 15, 3%). We were able to reproduce "Mild, non-progressive", "Moderate", and "Severe, non-improving" classes in the matched sample of participants from the OAI, however, absence of a "Progressive" class and instability of the "Improving" classes in the OAI was observed.

conclusionsOur findings strengthen the grounds for moving beyond a simple stereotype of osteoarthritis as "slowly progressive". Mild, non-progressive or improving symptom trajectories, although difficult to reproduce, can nevertheless represent a genuinely favourable prognosis for a sizeable minority.

Indexed as

ArthralgiaDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOsteoarthritis, KneeProspective StudiesRiskSeverity of Illness IndexKneeLatent class growth analysisLongitudinalOsteoarthritisPainTrajectories

Identifiers

PMID25305072
PMCPMC4256061

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.