Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25303639›Full record

ArticleChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2014

Design of enzymatically cleavable prodrugs of a potent platinum-containing anticancer agent.

Song Ding, Amanda J Pickard, Gregory L Kucera, Ulrich Bierbach

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Song DingDepartment of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109 (USA).
Amanda J Pickard
Gregory L Kucera
Ulrich Bierbach

Funding

Tumor Tissue CoreP30CA012197 · NCI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Ruben A. Mesa · 1985 to 2026
$55.4M
Novel DNA-metalating Hybrid Anticancer AgentsR01CA101880 · NCI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY · PI BIERBACH, ULRICH · 2003 to 2012
$1.8M
NCI NIH HHS CA101880NCI NIH HHS P30 CA012197NCI NIH HHS R01 CA101880
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Using a versatile synthetic approach, a new class of potential ester prodrugs of highly potent, but systemically too toxic, platinum-acridine anticancer agents was generated. The new hybrids contain a hydroxyl group, which has been masked with a cleavable lipophilic acyl moiety. Both butanoic (butyric) and bulkier 2-propanepentanoic (valproic) esters were introduced. The goals of this design were to improve the drug-like properties (e.g., logD) and to reduce the systemic toxicity of the pharmacophore. Two distinct pathways by which the target compounds undergo effective ester hydrolysis, the proposed activating step, have been confirmed: platinum-assisted, self-immolative ester cleavage in a low-chloride environment (LC-ESMS, NMR spectroscopy) and enzymatic cleavage by human carboxylesterase-2 (hCES-2) (LC-ESMS). The valproic acid ester derivatives are the first example of a metal-containing agent cleavable by the prodrug-converting enzyme. They show excellent chemical stability and reduced systemic toxicity. Preliminary results from screening in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549, NCI-H1435) suggest that the mechanism of the valproic esters may involve intracellular deesterification.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaAdenocarcinoma of LungAntineoplastic AgentsCell Line, TumorDrug DesignHumansHydrolysisLung NeoplasmsPlatinumProdrugsValproic AcidAntineoplastic AgentsPlatinumProdrugsValproic Acidanticancer drugscarboxylesteraselipophilicitylung cancertoxicityvalproic acid

Identifiers

PMID25303639
PMCPMC4244258

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.