Trial reportBirth (Berkeley, Calif.)2014
A randomized controlled trial of a psycho-education intervention by midwives in reducing childbirth fear in pregnant women.
Trial report in Birth (Berkeley, Calif.), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04833842 (The Effect of Pre-Birth Program Developed Based on Health Belief Model on Fear of Birth, Birth Self-Efficacy, Birth Process and Perception in Primigravida Pregnant Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Pre-Birth Program Developed Based on Health Belief Model on Fear of Birth, Birth Self-Efficacy, Birth Process and Perception in Primigravida Pregnant Women
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 239 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of prenatal education on fear of childbirth, pain intensity during labour and childbirth experience: a scoping review using systematic approach and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Pooled it
- Is collaborative care a key component for treating pregnant women with psychiatric symptoms (and additional psychosocial problems)? A systematic review.Archives of women's mental health · 2022Pooled it
- Remotely Delivered Interventions to Support Women With Symptoms of Anxiety in Pregnancy: Mixed Methods Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Pooled it
- Decision coaching for people making healthcare decisions.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Effectiveness of nurses and midwives-led psychological interventions on reducing depression symptoms in the perinatal period: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Nursing open · 2021Pooled it
- Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Women's experiences of fear of childbirth: a metasynthesis of qualitative studies.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2020Pooled it
- Assessment and support during early labour for improving birth outcomes.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- The comparison of the effect of non-pharmacological pain relief and pharmacological analgesia with remifentanil on fear of childbirth and postpartum depression: a randomized controlled clinical trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Trial
- How safe is the treatment of pregnant women with fear of childbirth using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy? Obstetric outcomes of a multi-center randomized controlled trial.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2023Trial
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- The effect of midwifery-led counseling on expectant fathers' fear of childbirth: a smartphone- based randomized controlled trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Trial
- Fear of childbirth, nonurgent obstetric interventions, and newborn outcomes: A randomized controlled trial comparing mindfulness-based childbirth and parenting with enhanced care as usual.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2022Trial
- Effect of shared decision making on mode of delivery and decisional conflict and regret in pregnant women with previous cesarean section: a randomized clinical trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Trial
- The effect of midwifery led counseling based on Gamble's approach on childbirth fear and self-efficacy in nulligravida women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Trial
- A cost effectiveness analysis of midwife psycho-education for fearful pregnant women - a health system perspective for the antenatal period.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2017Trial
- Effects of a midwife psycho-education intervention to reduce childbirth fear on women's birth outcomes and postpartum psychological wellbeing.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2015Trial
- Narrative Nursing and Perioperative Psychological Outcomes in Women Undergoing Cervical Cerclage: The Potential Indirect Role of Fear of Childbirth.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2026Article
- Antenatal intervention for childbirth trauma: the clinical profile of Australian women at a tertiary hospital.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChildbirth fear is associated with increased obstetric interventions and poor emotional and psychological health for women. The purpose of this study is to test an antenatal psycho-education intervention by midwives in reducing women's childbirth fear.
methodsWomen (n = 1,410) attending three hospitals in South East Queensland, Australia, were recruited into the BELIEF trial. Participants reporting high fear were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 170) or control (n = 169) groups. All women received a decision-aid booklet on childbirth choices. The telephone counseling intervention was offered at 24 and 34 weeks of pregnancy. The control group received usual care offered by public maternity services. Primary outcome was reduction in childbirth fear (WDEQ-A) from second trimester to 36 weeks' gestation. Secondary outcomes were improved childbirth self-efficacy, and reduced decisional conflict and depressive symptoms. Demographic, obstetric & psychometric measures were administered at recruitment, and 36 weeks of pregnancy.
resultsThere were significant differences between groups on postintervention scores for fear of birth (p < 0.001) and childbirth self-efficacy (p = 0.002). Decisional conflict and depressive symptoms reduced but were not significant.
conclusionPsycho-education by trained midwives was effective in reducing high childbirth fear levels and increasing childbirth confidence in pregnant women. Improving antenatal emotional well-being may have wider positive social and maternity care implications for optimal childbirth experiences.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.