ReviewExperimental gerontology2015
Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1 and the aging brain.
Review in Experimental gerontology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Growth Hormone and Brain Regeneration: Evidence from Clinical Studies in Dementia, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Stroke: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- The effects of different types of exercise on cognitive function in the older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of pituitary adenomas on cognitive performance: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Targeting GH and IGF-1 in the Management of Obesity: Insights from the Interplay between These Hormones and Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor, Inflammation, and MRI Markers of Alzheimer's Disease in Predominantly Middle-Aged Adults.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Pooled it
- Acute effects of strength and endurance exercise on serum BDNF and IGF-1 levels in older men.BMC geriatrics · 2021Trial
- Associations of post-traumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome with accelerated brain aging in South African adults: A case-control study.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
- Migraine and menopause as converging factors in brain vulnerability: a hypothesis-driven perspective.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- Selected Proteins Involved in the Neuropathology of ASD as the Candidates for Fluid Biomarkers.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Sorghum Promotes Cell Proliferation Through Activation of the Growth Hormone/IGF-1-JAK2/STAT5b Signaling AxisBiology · 2026Article
- Narrative Review "Dual Frontiers in Neurodegeneration: Pharmacological Synergies and Divergences in Parkinson's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus".Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Exploring Brain Parenchymal Changes in Acromegaly: Focus on White Matter Hyperintensities.Clinical endocrinology · 2026Article
- Adipose-Specific GHR Deletion Attenuates Brain Aging and Cognitive Decline in Aged Mice.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Neuromarkers of Adaptive Neuroplasticity and Cognitive Resilience Across Aging: A Multimodal Integrative Review.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Cell-type-dependent decline of IGF1 and IGF1R in the prefrontal cortex contributes to age-related behavioral changes.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Role of IGF1/IGFR signaling pathway in neuroprotective effect of Shengmai Dihuang Decoction on CIH-induced cognitive impairment.Journal of traditional and complementary medicine · 2026Article
- Hemp seed extract as a catalyst for cell proliferation via IGF-1 and growth hormone signaling: Increased natural regenerative potential of muscles.Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Micro- and Nanoplastics and Functional Nutrients in Human Health: Epigenetic Mechanisms and Cellular Resilience Signaling in Brain Insulin Resistance and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Reprogramming cellular senescence and aging clocks for advanced cancer immunotherapy.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 regulate the development and function of cells throughout the body. Several clinical diseases that result in a decline in physical and mental functions are marked by mutations that disrupt GH or IGF-1 signaling. During the lifespan there is a robust decrease in both GH and IGF-1. Because GH and IGF-1 are master regulators of cellular function, impaired GH and IGF-1 signaling in aging/disease states leads to significant alterations in tissue structure and function, especially within the brain. This review is intended to highlight the effects of the GH and IGF-1 on neuronal structure, function, and plasticity. Furthermore, we address several potential mechanisms through which the age-related reductions in GH and IGF-1 affect cognition. Together, the studies reviewed here highlight the importance of maintaining GH and IGF-1 signaling in order to sustain proper brain function throughout the lifespan.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.