ArticleJournal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine2015
Examining the spatial distribution of law enforcement encounters among people who inject drugs after implementation of Mexico's drug policy reform.
Article in Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Awareness and knowledge of drug decriminalization among people who use drugs in British Columbia: a multi-method pre-implementation study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Young People Who Use Drugs Views Toward the Power and Authority of Police Officers.Contemporary drug problems · 2022Article
- The introduction of fentanyl on the US-Mexico border: An ethnographic account triangulated with drug checking data from Tijuana.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
- The impact of recent homelessness on the provision of injection drug use initiation assistance among persons who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico and Vancouver, Canada.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2021Article
- Intersectional structural vulnerability to abusive policing among people who inject drugs: A mixed methods assessment in California's central valley.The International journal on drug policy · 2021Article
- Improving police conceptual knowledge of Mexico's law on cannabis possession: Findings from an assessment of a police education program.The American journal on addictions · 2018Article
- Factors associated with extrajudicial arrest for syringe possession: results of a department-wide survey of municipal police in Tijuana, Mexico.BMC international health and human rights · 2018Article
- Cost of provision of opioid substitution therapy provision in Tijuana, Mexico.Harm reduction journal · 2018Article
- Predictors of injecting cessation among a cohort of people who inject drugs in Tijuana, Mexico.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
- Assessing police officers' attitudes and legal knowledge on behaviors that impact HIV transmission among people who inject drugs.The International journal on drug policy · 2017Article
- Measuring improvement in knowledge of drug policy reforms following a police education program in Tijuana, Mexico.Harm reduction journal · 2017Article
- A rural/urban comparison of privacy and confidentiality concerns associated with providing sensitive location information in epidemiologic research involving persons who use drugs.Addictive behaviors · 2017Article
- Health-damaging policing practices among persons who inject drugs in Mexico: Are deported migrants at greater risk?The International journal on drug policy · 2017Article
- The Spatial-Temporal Pattern of Policing Following a Drug Policy Reform: Triangulating Self-Reported Arrests With Official Crime Statistics.Substance use & misuse · 2017Article
- Utilization of Google enterprise tools to georeference survey data among hard-to-reach groups: strategic application in international settings.International journal of health geographics · 2016Article
- Spatial patterns of arrests, police assault and addiction treatment center locations in Tijuana, Mexico.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2016Article
- Predictors of needle exchange program utilization during its implementation and expansion in Tijuana, Mexico.The American journal on addictions · 2016Article
- Prevalence and Correlates of the Use of Prefilled Syringes Among Persons Who Inject Drugs in San Diego, CA.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2015Article
- Police Victimization Among Persons Who Inject Drugs Along the U.S.-Mexico Border.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In 2009, Mexico decriminalized the possession of small amounts of illicit drugs for personal use in order to refocus law enforcement resources on drug dealers and traffickers. This study examines the spatial distribution of law enforcement encounters reported by people who inject drugs (PWID) in Tijuana, Mexico to identify concentrated areas of policing activity after implementation of the new drug policy. Mapping the physical location of law enforcement encounters provided by PWID (n = 461) recruited through targeted sampling, we identified hotspots of extra-judicial encounters (e.g., physical/sexual abuse, syringe confiscation, and money extortion by law enforcement) and routine authorized encounters (e.g., being arrested or stopped but not arrested) using point density maps and the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic calculated at the neighborhood-level. Approximately half of the participants encountered law enforcement more than once in a calendar year and nearly one third of these encounters did not result in arrest but involved harassment or abuse by law enforcement. Statistically significant hotspots of law enforcement encounters were identified in a limited number of neighborhoods located in areas with known drug markets. At the local-level, law enforcement activities continue to target drug users despite a national drug policy that emphasizes drug treatment diversion rather than punitive enforcement. There is a need for law enforcement training and improved monitoring of policing tactics to better align policing with public health goals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.