Trial reportPLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
A randomised, double-blind, controlled efficacy trial of the LiESP/QA-21 vaccine in naïve dogs exposed to two leishmania infantum transmission seasons.
Trial report in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- World Association for Veterinary Dermatology Consensus Statement for Diagnosis, and Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines for Treatment and Prevention of Canine Leishmaniosis.Veterinary dermatology · 2025Guideline
- Recommendations on vaccination for Latin American small animal practitioners: a report of the WSAVA Vaccination Guidelines Group.The Journal of small animal practice · 2020Guideline
- Field Evaluation of Two Different Treatment Approaches and Their Ability to Control Fleas and Prevent Canine Leishmaniosis in a Highly Endemic Area.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Trial
- Seroprevalence and Factors Associated with Canine Leishmaniasis in Baringo County, Kenya: Implications for an Integrated One Health Surveillance.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- An Overview of the Factors Related toVaccines · 2026Review
- A newly developed rapid K39-based LeishmaCHECK Ab ELISA for high-throughput serological screening of canine leishmaniasis.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Article
- Large-scale randomized double-blind field clinical trial for safety and efficacy assessment of the DNA vaccine Neoleish against canine leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Overview of Commercial Vaccines Against Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis: Current Landscape and Future Directions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Trypanosomatids: The Key to Decoding Host-Parasite Communication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- LmCenNPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- An update on recombinant vaccines against leishmaniasis.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Review
- Global Distribution of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis and the Role of the Dog in the Epidemiology of the Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Immunoproteomics and phage display in the context of leishmaniasis complexity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Article
- Antibodies elicited by the CaniLeish® vaccine: long-term clinical follow-up study of dogs in Spain.Parasitology research · 2021Article
- Novel Vaccine Technologies in Veterinary Medicine: A Herald to Human Medicine Vaccines.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Article
- Latest trends in L. infantum infection in dogs in Spain, Part II: current clinical management and control according to a national survey of veterinary practitioners.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- The Delay in the Licensing of Protozoal Vaccines: A Comparative History.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Canine leishmaniasis is an important zoonosis caused by uncontrolled infection with Leishmania infantum, where an inappropriate immune response is not only responsible for permitting this intracellular parasite to multiply, but is also responsible for several of the pathological processes seen in this disease. Effective canine vaccines are therefore a highly desirable prevention tool. In this randomised, double-blinded, controlled trial, the efficacy of the LiESP/QA-21 vaccine (CaniLeish, Virbac, France) was assessed by exposing 90 naïve dogs to natural L. infantum infection during 2 consecutive transmission seasons, in two highly endemic areas of the Mediterranean basin. Regular PCR, culture, serological and clinical examinations were performed, and the infection/disease status of the dogs was classified at each examination. The vaccine was well-tolerated, and provided a significant reduction in the risk of progressing to uncontrolled active infection (p = 0.025) or symptomatic disease (p = 0.046), with an efficacy of 68.4% and a protection rate of 92.7%. The probability of becoming PCR positive was similar between groups, but the probability of returning to a PCR negative condition was higher in the vaccinated group (p = 0.04). In conclusion, we confirmed the interest of using this vaccine as part of a comprehensive control program for canine leishmaniasis, and validated the use of a protocol based on regular in-depth assessments over time to assess the efficacy of a canine leishmaniasis vaccine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.