ArticleCell host & microbe2014
Nucleocapsid phosphorylation and RNA helicase DDX1 recruitment enables coronavirus transition from discontinuous to continuous transcription.
Article in Cell host & microbe, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 146 papers.
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Who cites it
146 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sarbecoviruses Suppress Innate Immunity by Recruiting PPM1A to Modulate STAT2 and ORF9b Phosphorylation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Nsp3 Ubl1-orchestrated dephosphorylation of N protein promotes coronaviral subgenomic RNA synthesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Intrinsic Disordered N-Terminus of Nucleocapsid Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Is Critical in DNA Aptamer Binding.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Antagonism of stress granules key for SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein recruits PP2A to dephosphorylate the nucleocapsid and promote virion production.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Article
- Direct interaction between human DDX1 and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein is regulated by phosphorylation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 3 remodels the phosphorylation of target proteins via protein-protein interactions.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Phosphorylation-Induced Functional Switch.Viruses · 2026Article
- Intramolecular loops control SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein self-association and nucleic acid binding dependent on phosphorylation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Phosphorylation landscape of dengue virus proteins and their implications in protein-protein interactions.PloS one · 2026Article
- Characterization of the binding features between SARS-CoV-2 5'-proximal transcripts of genomic RNA and nucleocapsid proteins.RNA biology · 2025Review
- Glycogen synthase kinase 3 promotes the proliferation of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus by phosphorylating the nucleocapsid protein.Virulence · 2025Article
- Phosphorylation Changes SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein's Structural Dynamics and Its Interaction With RNA.Proteins · 2025Article
- UBXN7 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 replication via inhibiting the K48-linked ubiquitination of viral N protein.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- JNK kinase regulates phosphorylation of HCoV-229E nucleocapsid protein.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein directly prevents cGAS-DNA recognition through competitive binding.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronaviruses contain a positive-sense single-stranded genomic (g) RNA, which encodes nonstructural proteins. Several subgenomic mRNAs (sgmRNAs) encoding structural proteins are generated by template switching from the body transcription regulatory sequence (TRS) to the leader TRS. The process preferentially generates shorter sgmRNA. Appropriate readthrough of body TRSs is required to produce longer sgmRNAs and full-length gRNA. We find that phosphorylation of the viral nucleocapsid (N) by host glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is required for template switching. GSK-3 inhibition selectively reduces the generation of gRNA and longer sgmRNAs, but not shorter sgmRNAs. N phosphorylation allows recruitment of the RNA helicase DDX1 to the phosphorylated-N-containing complex, which facilitates template readthrough and enables longer sgmRNA synthesis. DDX1 knockdown or loss of helicase activity markedly reduces the levels of longer sgmRNAs. Thus, coronaviruses employ a unique strategy for the transition from discontinuous to continuous transcription to ensure balanced sgmRNAs and full-length gRNA synthesis.
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