ArticleNature2014
R-loops induce repressive chromatin marks over mammalian gene terminators.
Article in Nature, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 263 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
263 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 384 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of R-loops-mediated epigenetic regulation in genome stability maintenance and disease pathogenesis: a systematic review.Epigenetics · 2026Pooled it
- The role of non-coding RNAs in regulating R-loop dynamics in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Reproductive tract commensal bacterium Enterococcus faecium supernatant induces DNA damage associated stress responses and suppresses the growth of cervical cancer cells.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- R-PLA enables enhanced detection of R-loops in mammalian cells using proximity ligation.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- RNA-binding proteins TDP-43 and FUS promote R-loop resolution and regulate transcription termination.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Targeting of the nuclear RNA exosome to chromatin by HP1 affects the transcriptional programs of liver cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Insights and modulation of RNA polymerase-dependent R-loop and dsRNA in Fanconi anemia hematopoietic stem cells.JCI insight · 2026Article
- When R-Loops Go Awry: Genome Instability and Neurological Diseases.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Review
- Transcriptional competence defines the heterochromatin nucleating potential of isolated MSR units.Nature communications · 2026Article
- R-loops orchestrate RNAPII transcriptional reprogramming for the maternal-to-zygotic transition.Cell research · 2026Article
- Regulation of transcription by R loop-nucleated transcription condensate assembly.Cell & bioscience · 2026Review
- p53 status determines the epigenetic response to demethylating agents azacitidine and decitabine.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- The PARP1-EXD2 axis orchestrates R-loop resolution to safeguard genome stability.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Alternative nucleic acid structures in microbial biology: regulatory functions and antimicrobial opportunities.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Revealing site-specific molecular features mediating contacts of heterochromatin protein 1 α (HP1α) and the interactions with chromatin and DNA in LLPS environments.Communications biology · 2025Article
- tsRNA-3040b accumulates R-loop to regulate Trim35 transcription, which leads to disordered glycolysis and promotes PAECs proliferation.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Article
- Emerging roles of RNA:DNA hybrid regulation by mammalian ribonuclease H2 in replication stress and cancer.Journal of cell science · 2025Review
- Dual roles of NScience China. Life sciences · 2025Article
- RNase H-sensitive accumulation of APOBEC3B in a nucleolus after DNA damage.Bioscience reports · 2025Article
- Dual roles of DEAD-box RNA helicase Brr2 in genome stability regulation.Nature communications · 2025Article
203 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The formation of R-loops is a natural consequence of the transcription process, caused by invasion of the DNA duplex by nascent transcripts. These structures have been considered rare transcriptional by-products with potentially harmful effects on genome integrity owing to the fragility of the displaced DNA coding strand. However, R-loops may also possess beneficial effects, as their widespread formation has been detected over CpG island promoters in human genes. Furthermore, we have previously shown that R-loops are particularly enriched over G-rich terminator elements. These facilitate RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pausing before efficient termination. Here we reveal an unanticipated link between R-loops and RNA-interference-dependent H3K9me2 formation over pause-site termination regions in mammalian protein-coding genes. We show that R-loops induce antisense transcription over these pause elements, which in turn leads to the generation of double-stranded RNA and the recruitment of DICER, AGO1, AGO2 and the G9a histone lysine methyltransferase. Consequently, an H3K9me2 repressive mark is formed and heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP1γ) is recruited, which reinforces Pol II pausing before efficient transcriptional termination. We predict that R-loops promote a chromatin architecture that defines the termination region for a substantial subset of mammalian genes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.