Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25292215›Full record

ArticleScience signaling2014

A signaling network stimulated by β2 integrin promotes the polarization of lytic granules in cytotoxic cells.

Minggang Zhang, Michael E March, William S Lane, Eric O Long

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science signaling, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. CD33Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025
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  3. Article
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  8. Review
  9. Article
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  11. Natural killer cells in pancreatic cancer stroma.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. β2 Integrins-Multi-Functional Leukocyte Receptors in Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Review
  18. Article
  19. VASP Regulates NK Cell Lytic Granule Convergence.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Minggang ZhangLaboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Michael E MarchLaboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
William S LaneMass Spectrometry and Proteomics Resource Laboratory, FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Eric O LongLaboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. eLong@nih.gov.
National Institutes of Health · USCenter for Systems Biology · US

Funding

Role of Integrins in Natural Killer Cell FunctionZIAAI001118 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI LONG, ERIC O · 2009 to 2017
$3.0M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AI001118
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cytotoxic lymphocytes kill target cells through the polarized release of the contents of intracellular perforin-containing granules. In natural killer (NK) cells, the binding of β2 integrin to members of the intercellular adhesion molecule family is sufficient to promote not only the adhesion of NK cells to target cells but also the polarization of intracellular lytic granules toward the target. We used NK cells in an experimental system designed to enable us to study the polarization of lytic granules in the absence of their release through degranulation, as well as β2 integrin signaling independently of inside-out signals from other receptors. Through a proteomics approach, we identified a signaling network centered on an integrin-linked kinase (ILK)-Pyk2-paxillin core that was required for granule and microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) polarization. The conserved Cdc42-Par6 signaling pathway, which controls cell polarity, was also activated by ILK and was required for granule polarization toward the target cell. A subset of the signaling components required for polarization contributed also to the convergence of granules on the MTOC. These results delineate two connected signaling networks that are stimulated upon β2 integrin engagement and control the polarization of the MTOC and associated lytic granules toward the site of contact with target cells to mediate cellular cytotoxicity.

Indexed as

Adaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingAnalysis of VarianceBlotting, WesternCD18 Antigenscdc42 GTP-Binding ProteinCell PolarityChromatography, High Pressure LiquidCytoplasmic GranulesFocal Adhesion Kinase 2Gene Knockdown TechniquesHumansKiller Cells, NaturalMicroscopy, ConfocalMicrotubule-Organizing CenterOrganic ChemicalsPaxillinAdaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingCD18 Antigenscdc42 GTP-Binding ProteinFocal Adhesion Kinase 2Organic ChemicalsPARD6A protein, humanPaxillinPKH67Protein Serine-Threonine KinasesRNA, Small InterferingScaffold Protein ILK

Identifiers

PMID25292215
PMCPMC4205566
OpenAlexW2054622570

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.