SynthesisPloS one2014
Risk of primary liver cancer associated with gallstones and cholecystectomy: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between history of cholecystectomy and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.BMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- Association Between Cholecystectomy and Gastric Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2017Pooled it
- Gallstones, cholecystectomy, and cancer risk: an observational and Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Observational
- Longitudinal Study of Comorbidities and Clinical Outcomes in Persons with Gallstone Disease Using Electronic Health Records.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2023Article
- Gallstones and risk of cancers of the liver, biliary tract and pancreas: a prospective study within two U.S. cohorts.British journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Concurrent Cholecystectomy Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Recurrence after Curative Resection in Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A 10 Year Observational Single-Center Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
- Clinical Presentation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in African Americans vs. Caucasians: A Retrospective Analysis.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2021Article
- De Novo Cancer Incidence after Cholecystectomy in Korean Population.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Development of a novel model of cholecystectomy in subsequently ovariectomized mice and characterization of metabolic and gastrointestinal phenotypes: a pilot study.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma: State of the Art Imaging and Recent Advances.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2019Review
- Correlation of acidosis-adjusted potassium level and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic ketoacidosis: a systematic review.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2019Article
- Update in global trends and aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma.Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland) · 2018Review
- Systematic review and meta-analysis: cholecystectomy and the risk of cholangiocarcinoma.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Cholecystectomy is associated with higher risk of early recurrence and poorer survival after curative resection for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- New advances in hepatocellular carcinoma.World journal of hepatology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecent epidemiological evidence points to an association between gallstones or cholecystectomy and the incidence risk of liver cancer, but the results are inconsistent. We present a meta-analysis of observational studies to explore this association.
methodsWe identified studies by a literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and relevant conference proceedings up to March 2014. A random-effects model was used to generate pooled multivariable adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q statistic and the I2.
resultsFifteen studies (five case-control and 10 cohort studies) were included in this analysis. There were 4,487,662 subjects in total, 17,945 diagnoses of liver cancer, 328,420 exposed to gallstones, and 884,507 exposed to cholecystectomy. Pooled results indicated a significant increased risk of liver cancer in patients with a history of gallstones (OR = 2.54; 95% CI, 1.71-3.79; n = 11 studies), as well as cholecystectomy (OR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.29-2.02; n = 12 studies), but there was considerable heterogeneity among these studies. The effects estimates did not vary markedly when stratified by gender, study design, study region, and study quality. The multivariate meta-regression analysis suggested that study region and study quality appeared to explain the heterogeneity observed in the cholecystectomy analysis.
conclusionsOur results suggest that individuals with a history of gallstones and cholecystectomy may have an increased risk of liver cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.