Observational studyHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2015
Blood pressure and risk of all-cause mortality in advanced chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis: the chronic renal insufficiency cohort study.
Open access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph
Observational study in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
9.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of blood pressure in adults, children and young people on dialysis: UK kidney association clinical practice guideline.BMC nephrology · 2025Guideline
- Effects of exercise on markers of inflammation and indicators of nutrition in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2022Pooled it
- Blood pressure and volume management in dialysis: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference.Kidney international · 2020Guideline
- 7th Brazilian Guideline of Arterial Hypertension: Chapter 8 - Hypertension and Associated Clinical ConditionsArquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2016Guideline
- I Brazilian guideline on hypertension in dialysis of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology.Jornal brasileiro de nefrologiaGuideline
- Interpretability of Home Blood Pressure Measurements in Haemodialysis A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomised Cross-Over Study.Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of a Web-Based Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Program in Improving Predialysis Blood Pressure Control Among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2024Trial
- Treating Home Versus Predialysis Blood Pressure Among In-Center Hemodialysis Patients: A Pilot Randomized Trial.American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation · 2021Trial
- Evidence for Reverse Causality in the Association Between Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2017 · on this mapTrial
- Blood pressure and cardiovascular risk in adults with non-proteinuric chronic kidney disease without diabetes.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Fluid overload modifies ambulatory blood pressure and pulse wave characteristics in hemodialysis patients undergoing targeted fluid management.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Hypertension in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease Requiring Dialysis: Bridging the Divide Between Evidence and Practice.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Review
- Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Life-Threatening Complications During Hemodialysis in Hospitalized Patients With Poor General Conditions.Artificial organs · 2026Article
- A Qualitative Study of Nephrologists' Perceptions of Management of Hypertension in Hemodialysis Patients.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Article
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension 2025 (JSH2025).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Operationalizing Home Blood Pressure Monitoring for Dialysis Patients: An Effectiveness-Implementation Hybrid Study.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Combined blood pressure and pulse rate as a new risk marker for mortality in hemodialysis patients.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A retrospective cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2025 · on this mapArticle
- Resistant and Apparently Resistant Hypertension in Peritoneally Dialyzed Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients on haemodialysis at Jimma medical center, Ethiopia: a 7-Year review.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Nisha BansalFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.). nbansal@nephrology.washington.edu.
Charles E McCullochFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Mahboob RahmanFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
John W KusekFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Amanda H AndersonFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Dawei XieFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Raymond R TownsendFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Claudia M LoraFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Jackson WrightFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Alan S GoFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Akinlolu OjoFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Arnold AlperFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Eva LustigovaFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Magda CuevasFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Radhakrishna KallemFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
Chi-Yuan HsuFrom the Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle (N.B.); Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (C.E.M.) and Medicine (C.-y.H.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH (M.R., J.W.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (J.W.K.); Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.H.A.), Biostatistics (D.X.), and Medicine (R.R.T., M.C., R.K.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL (C.M.L.); Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (A.O.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA (A.A., E.L.).
CRIC Study Investigators
Kaiser Permanente · USUniversity of Washington · USNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USUniversity of Chicago · US
Funding
UCSF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE INSTITUTEUL1RR024131 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSTON, S. CLAIBORNE · 2006 to 2011
$111.2MEngaging University of California Stakeholders for Biorespository ResearchUL1TR000004 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GRANDIS, JENNIFER RUBIN · 2012 to 2015
$78.0MScientific and Data Coordinating Center(SDCC) for the P*U01DK060990 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI FELDMAN, HAROLD I · 2001 to 2017
$50.1MClinical and Translational Science Collaborative of ClevelandUL1TR000439 · NCATS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI KONSTAN, MICHAEL W. · 2012 to 2016
$50.0MMichigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research (MCHR)UL1TR000433 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MASHOUR, GEORGE ALEXANDER · 2012 to 2016
$49.9MInstitutional Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR000003 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI FITZGERALD, GARRET A · 2012 to 2015
$38.9MZonulin Antibodies in Intestinal Permeabilitiy in IDDMM01RR016500 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI ONUKWUGHA, EBERECHUKWU · 2002 to 2009
$20.2MStudy of the Care and Outcomes of REnal InsufficiencyU01DK060902 · NIDDK · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI GO, ALAN S · 2001 to 2025
$19.5MLimited Competition for the Continuation of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency CohorU01DK061021 · NIDDK · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI RAHMAN, MAHBOOB · 2001 to 2025
$17.3MProspective Renal Insufficiency Cohort Evaluation:PRICEU01DK060984 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI COHEN, DEBBIE L · 2001 to 2025
$17.0MProspective Cohort Study of Chronic Renal InsufficiencyU01DK061028 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI RAO, PANDURANGA S · 2001 to 2025
$16.9MLimited Competition for the Continuation of the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Hopkins Clinical CenterU01DK061022 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI APPEL, LAWRENCE JOHN · 2001 to 2025
$15.7MNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000003NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000003NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000004NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR-000424NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000424NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000433NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000433NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000439NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000439NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR016500NCRR NIH HHS M01 RR-16500NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR-024131NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024131NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR029879NCRR NIH HHS UL1RR029879NIDDK NIH HHS K01 DK092353NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK088865NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK092291NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK92291NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK070939NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK139225NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK70939NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060902NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK060902NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060963NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK060963NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060980NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK060980NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060984NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK060984NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK060990NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK060990NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061021NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK061021NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061022NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK061022NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK061028NIDDK NIH HHS U01DK061028NIGMS NIH HHS P30 GM103337NIGMS NIH HHS P30GM103337
Abstract
Studies of hemodialysis patients have shown a U-shaped association between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mortality. These studies have largely relied on dialysis-unit SBP measures and have not evaluated whether this U-shape also exists in advanced chronic kidney disease, before starting hemodialysis. We determined the association between SBP and mortality at advanced chronic kidney disease and again after initiation of hemodialysis. This was a prospective study of Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort participants with advanced chronic kidney disease followed through initiation of hemodialysis. We studied the association between SBP and mortality when participants (1) had an estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n=1705), (2) initiated hemodialysis and had dialysis-unit SBP measures (n=403), and (3) initiated hemodialysis and had out-of-dialysis-unit SBP measured at a Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study visit (n=326). Cox models were adjusted for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and dialysis parameters. A quadratic term for SBP was included to test for a U-shaped association. At advanced chronic kidney disease, there was no association between SBP and mortality (hazard ratio, 1.02 [95% confidence interval, 0.98-1.07] per every 10 mm Hg increase). Among participants who started hemodialysis, a U-shaped association between dialysis-unit SBP and mortality was observed. In contrast, there was a linear association between out-of-dialysis-unit SBP and mortality (hazard ratio, 1.26 [95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.40] per every 10 mm Hg increase). In conclusion, more efforts should be made to obtain out-of-dialysis-unit SBP, which may merit more consideration as a target for clinical management and in interventional trials.
Indexed as
Renal DialysisRisk AssessmentAdultAgedBlood PressureCardiovascular DiseasesCause of DeathFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlomerular Filtration RateHumansIncidenceKidney Failure, ChronicMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisCKDdialysisESRDhypertensionmortality
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