ArticleBMC research notes2014
Co-existence of beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli from Kathmandu, Nepal.
Article in BMC research notes, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Occurrence of cefotaxime-resistant and beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in poultry from small-scale farms in the Copperbelt province of Zambia.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Molecular characteristics of antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation of bloodstream infection pathogens isolated from pediatric patients in Ukraine.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Development of a PCR-dipstick DNA chromatography-based tool for the detection of CTX-M- and TEM-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients in Kafue and Katete districts of Zambia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and antimicrobial resistance gene sharing at the interface of human, poultry and environment: results of ESBL tricycle surveillance in Kathmandu, Nepal.One health outlook · 2025Article
- β-Lactam/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations Non-Susceptible ESBL-ProducingInfection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-ProducingInternational journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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- Clonal groups of extended-spectrum β-lactamase and biofilm producing uropathogenicPathogens and global health · 2022Article
- Genome-wide identification of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacterial (CR-GNB) isolates retrieved from hospitalized patients in Bihar, India.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Prevalence of multidrug-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Gram-negative isolates from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal.Tropical medicine and health · 2021Article
- Detection ofDiseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Prevalence of CTX-MBioMed research international · 2021Article
- A high prevalence of multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli in a Nepali tertiary care hospital and associated widespread distribution of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-encoding genes.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2020Article
- Extended-SpectrumInterdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe trend of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) is increasing in Nepal. Limited studies have been reported investigating ESBL types and carbapenemases in E. coli.
methodsA cross sectional study was conducted between June 2012 to January 2013 in Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepal. Non-repetitive clinical samples from out-patient department (OPD) and Intensive Care Units (ICU) were processed for bacteriological culture and identification of E. coli. Antibiotic susceptibility test, screening and phenotypic confirmation for ESBLs and carbapenemases and PCR (blaCTX-M, blaSHV and blaTEM-type ESBLs, blaVIM, blaIMP and blaNDM-1-type carbapenemases, and class 1 integron element integrase gene) were performed. Clones were resolved by PCR-Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA.
resultsOut of 332 non-repetitive clinical specimens processed for culture and identification 160 (48.2%) were culture positive. Of which, 93 (58.1%) were E. coli. Of these, 24 (25.8%) were phenotypically confirmed as ESBL-EC and 3 (12.50%) of 24 ESBL-EC were carbapenemase producers. blaCTX-M-type ESBL was most common (23, 95.8%) followed by blaTEM (7, 29.2%) and blaSHV (3, 12.5%). blaVIM, blaIMP and blaNDM-1 were present in 3, 2 and 2 ESBL-EC, respectively. Class 1 integron element was present in 18 (75.0%) ESBL-EC. Nine isolates possessed more than one type of beta-lactamases. Interestingly, all carbapenemase producers were isolated form ICU and co-existence of blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaIMP, blaVIM and blaNDM-1 beta-lactamases was documented in one ESBL-EC (EC104). All most all isolates had different RAPD patterns.
conclusionsFor the first time in Nepal, high prevalence of blaCTX-M-type ESBL and co-existence of ESBLs and carbapenemases has been described. Continuous monitoring and surveillance and proper infection control and prevention practices will limit the further spread of these super-bugs within this hospital and beyond.
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