Trial reportAddictive behaviors2015
Opioid withdrawal, craving, and use during and after outpatient buprenorphine stabilization and taper: a discrete survival and growth mixture model.
Trial report in Addictive behaviors, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07148206 (Dronabinol and Epidiolex to Manage Uncontrolled Residual Symptoms of Buprenorphine Initiation Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Dronabinol and Epidiolex to Manage Uncontrolled Residual Symptoms of Buprenorphine Initiation Trial
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Craving self-reports as outcome measures in drug addiction trials: A systematic review of ClinicalTrials.gov.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Mindfulness Training vs Recovery Support for Opioid Use, Craving, and Anxiety During Buprenorphine Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Extended-Release 7-Day Injectable Buprenorphine for Patients With Minimal to Mild Opioid Withdrawal.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical trial examining buspirone as an adjunctive medication during buprenorphine-assisted supervised opioid withdrawal.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2023Trial
- Transition of Patients with Opioid Use Disorder from Buprenorphine to Extended-Release Naltrexone: A Randomized Clinical Trial Assessing Two Transition Regimens.The American journal on addictions · 2020Trial
- Preliminary evidence of different and clinically meaningful opioid withdrawal phenotypes.Addiction biology · 2020Trial
- Efficacy of Tramadol Extended-Release for Opioid Withdrawal: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Long-Acting Injectable Naltrexone Induction: A Randomized Trial of Outpatient Opioid Detoxification With Naltrexone Versus Buprenorphine.The American journal of psychiatry · 2017Trial
- A Roadmap to Improved Quality Outcomes in Neonates Exposed to Illegally Manufactured Fentanyl.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Super and deepened-extinction in human predictive learning and a comparison of associative models.Learning & behavior · 2025Article
- Expanding the scope of the withdrawal syndrome: Anhedonia as a core nicotine withdrawal symptom.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2025Observational
- Exploring the Utility of a Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cannabis Cue-Reactivity Paradigm in Treatment-Seeking Adults With Cannabis Use Disorder.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Article
- Heart Rate Variability for Supplementing Withdrawal Assessment in Patients with Opioid Dependence: An Exploratory Study.Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2024Article
- Negative Urgency Linked to Craving and Substance Use Among Adults on Buprenorphine or Methadone.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2024Article
- Prevalence and correlates of DSM-5 opioid withdrawal syndrome in U.S. adults with non-medical use of prescription opioids: results from a national sample.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2023Article
- Fentanyl withdrawal: Understanding symptom severity and exploring the role of body mass index on withdrawal symptoms and clearance.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2023Article
- Specific polysubstance use patterns predict relapse among patients entering opioid use disorder treatment.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- French-Canadian Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale: The COWS-FC.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2022Article
- A neuroeconomic signature of opioid craving: How fluctuations in craving bias drug-related and nondrug-related value.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Trajectories of craving during medication-assisted treatment for opioid-use disorder: Subtyping for early identification of higher risk.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionMost patients relapse to opioids within one month of opioid agonist detoxification, making the antecedents and parallel processes of first use critical for investigation. Craving and withdrawal are often studied in relationship to opioid outcomes, and a novel analytic strategy applied to these two phenomena may indicate targeted intervention strategies.
methodsSpecifically, this secondary data analysis of the Prescription Opioid Addiction Treatment Study used a discrete-time mixture analysis with time-to-first opioid use (survival) simultaneously predicted by craving and withdrawal growth trajectories. This analysis characterized heterogeneity among prescription opioid-dependent individuals (N=653) into latent classes (i.e., latent class analysis [LCA]) during and after buprenorphine/naloxone stabilization and taper.
resultsA 4-latent class solution was selected for overall model fit and clinical parsimony. In order of shortest to longest time-to-first use, the 4 classes were characterized as 1) high craving and withdrawal, 2) intermediate craving and withdrawal, 3) high initial craving with low craving and withdrawal trajectories and 4) a low initial craving with low craving and withdrawal trajectories. Odds ratio calculations showed statistically significant differences in time-to-first use across classes.
conclusionsGenerally, participants with lower baseline levels and greater decreases in craving and withdrawal during stabilization combined with slower craving and withdrawal rebound during buprenorphine taper remained opioid-free longer. This exploratory work expanded on the importance of monitoring craving and withdrawal during buprenorphine induction, stabilization, and taper. Future research may allow individually tailored and timely interventions to be developed to extend time-to-first opioid use.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.