Observational studyMayo Clinic proceedings2014
Prospective cohort study of the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments used in the "real world".
Observational study in Mayo Clinic proceedings, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Nicotine replacement therapy versus control for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation: effects by subgroup defined by genetically informed biomarkers.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- E-cigarettes and smoking cessation in real-world and clinical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2016Pooled it
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Social Prescribing: Comparing a Comprehensive Navigation Model With Signposting.Annals of family medicine · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Long-term effectiveness of mailed nicotine replacement therapy: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial 5-year follow-up.BMC public health · 2017Trial
- Impact of large-scale distribution and subsequent use of free nicotine patches on primary care physician interaction.BMC public health · 2017Trial
- RJ Reynolds has not published a negative randomised clinical trial of Camel Snus for smoking cessation.Tobacco control · 2017Trial
- Use of the nicotine metabolite ratio as a genetically informed biomarker of response to nicotine patch or varenicline for smoking cessation: a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial.The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2015Trial
- Collaborative Approach Between Health Professionals to Smoking Cessation Among Students in Albacete: A Peer-to-Peer Focus.Farmaceuticos comunitarios · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Popular Smoking Cessation Aids in England and Associations With Quit Success.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Review of Challenges in Performing Real-World Evidence Studies for Nonprescription Products.Pragmatic and observational research · 2025Review
- Examining Differences in Real-World Effectiveness of e-Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation by Source of Purchase in England: An Observational Study of Different Contexts Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Observational
- The Latrobe Smoking Support Service: A quantitative study of participants in a regional area.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Smoking Cessation Counseling in Practice: A Qualitative Analysis of Quitline Conversations in Queensland, Australia.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2024Article
- Associations between Health-Related Use of Social Media and Positive Lifestyle Behaviors: Findings from a Representative Sample of US Adult Smokers.Substance use & misuse · 2024Article
- Moderation of the real-world effectiveness of smoking cessation aids by mental health conditions: A population study.PLOS mental health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the "real-world" effectiveness of commonly used aids to smoking cessation in England by using longitudinal data. PATIENTS AND
methodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in 1560 adult smokers who participated in an English national household survey in the period from November 2006 to March 2012, responded to a 6-month follow-up survey, and made at least 1 quit attempt between the 2 measurements. The quitting method was classified as follows: (1) prescription medication (nicotine replacement therapy [NRT], bupropion, or varenicline) in combination with specialist behavioral support delivered by a National Health Service Stop Smoking Service; (2) prescription medication with brief advice; (3) NRT bought over the counter; (4) none of these. The primary outcome measure was self-reported abstinence up to the time of the 6-month follow-up survey, adjusted for key potential confounders including cigarette dependence.
resultsCompared with smokers using none of the cessation aids, the adjusted odds of remaining abstinent up to the time of the 6-month follow-up survey were 2.58 (95% CI, 1.48-4.52) times higher in users of prescription medication in combination with specialist behavioral support and 1.55 (95% CI, 1.11-2.16) times higher in users of prescription medication with brief advice. The use of NRT bought over the counter was associated with a lower odds of abstinence (odds ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49-0.94).
conclusionPrescription medication offered with specialist behavioral support and that offered with minimal behavioral support are successful methods of stopping cigarette smoking in England.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.