Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25281467›Full record

ReviewThe Lancet. Oncology2014

Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer.

Jack Cuzick, Mangesh A Thorat, Gerald Andriole, Otis W Brawley, Powel H Brown, Zoran Culig, Rosalind A Eeles, Leslie G Ford, Freddie C Hamdy, Lars Holmberg and 19 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The Lancet. Oncology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 218 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
218citing papers in PubMed, 9 pooled it
28.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

218 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 491 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Diagnostic efficacy of [BMC cancer · 2024
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  10. Trial
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  13. Article
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  16. LncRNA expression in prostate cancer: FromNon-coding RNA research · 2026
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in prostate cancer: Molecular dysregulation, therapeutic advances, and future directions.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2026
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

158 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors at 20 institutions in 10 countries.

Jack CuzickCentre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. Electronic address: j.cuzick@qmul.ac.uk.
Mangesh A ThoratCentre for Cancer Prevention, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Gerald AndrioleDivision of Urologic Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Otis W BrawleyOffice of the Chief Medical Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Powel H BrownDepartment of Clinical Cancer Prevention, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Zoran CuligMolecular Pathology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
Rosalind A EelesDivision of Cancer Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Academic Urology Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Leslie G FordDivision of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Freddie C HamdyUrology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Lars HolmbergMedical School, King's College London, London, UK; Regional Cancer Center Uppsala Orebro and Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Dragan IlicSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Timothy J KeyCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Carlo La VecchiaDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Hans LiljaNuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Surgery (Urology), Laboratory Medicine, and Medicine (GU-Oncology), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, University Hospital UMAS, Malmö, Sweden.
Michael MarbergerDepartment of Urology, Vienna University Medical School, Vienna, Austria.
Frank L MeyskensBiological Chemistry, Public Health, and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Lori M MinasianDivision of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Chris ParkerAcademic Urology Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Howard L ParnesProstate and Urologic Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Sven PernerDepartment of Prostate Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Harry RittenhouseDirector of Assay Development, IR2Dx Inc Moraga, CA, USA.
Jack SchalkenUrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Hans-Peter SchmidDepartment of Urology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland.
Bernd J Schmitz-DrägerUrologie, Schön Klinik Nürnberg/Fürth & Urologie 24, Fürth, Germany.
Fritz H SchröderErasmus University and Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Arnulf StenzlDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
Bertrand TombalDepartment of Urology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Timothy J WiltCenter for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, and Section of General Medicine, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Alicja WolkDivision of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
National Cancer Institute · USUniversity of Oxford · GBQueen Mary University of London · GBRoyal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust · GBAmerican Cancer Society · USBarnes-Jewish Hospital · USErasmus University Rotterdam · NLInnsbruck Medical University · ATKantonsspital St. Gallen · CHKarolinska Institutet · SEMedical University of Vienna · ATMinneapolis VA Health Care System · USMonash University · AURadboud University Nijmegen · NLRegional Research Council in Uppsala-Örebro Region · SESchön Klinik Nürnberg Fürth · DEThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center · USUCLouvain · BEUniversity Children's Hospital Tübingen · DEUniversity of California, Irvine · US

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI Hongbiao Carl Lekaye · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
Tumor Evolution and Metastasis ProgramP30CA016672 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI Fabien Delerue · 1985 to 2026
$290.8M
SPORE In Prostate CancerP50CA092629 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI JAMES A EASTHAM · 2001 to 2026
$63.0M
Prospective validation of a multi-marker prostate cancer prediction modelR01CA160816 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI BOORJIAN, STEPHEN, COOPERBERG, MATTHEW R · 2012 to 2015
$1.9M
7th International Conference on Clinical Cancer Prevention 2012 with Consensus CoR13CA171707 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI MEYSKENS, FRANK L. · 2013 to 2013
$20k
Cancer Research UK 15007Cancer Research UK 16491Cancer Research UK 16891Cancer Research UK 17528Cancer Research UK C569/A16477NCI NIH HHS 1R13CA171707-01NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016672NCI NIH HHS P50 CA092629NCI NIH HHS R01 CA160816NCI NIH HHS R13 CA171707
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men and the worldwide burden of this disease is rising. Lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation, exercise, and weight control offer opportunities to reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. Early detection of prostate cancer by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial, but changes in the PSA threshold, frequency of screening, and the use of other biomarkers have the potential to minimise the overdiagnosis associated with PSA screening. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment. Several pharmacological agents such as 5α-reductase inhibitors and aspirin could prevent development of prostate cancer. In this Review, we discuss the present evidence and research questions regarding prevention, early detection of prostate cancer, and management of men either at high risk of prostate cancer or diagnosed with low-grade prostate cancer.

Indexed as

Life StyleAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsBiomarkers, TumorBiopsy, NeedleEarly Detection of CancerEvidence-Based MedicineHumansImmunohistochemistryMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm InvasivenessPrimary PreventionPrognosisProstate-Specific AntigenBiomarkers, TumorProstate-Specific Antigen

Identifiers

PMID25281467
PMCPMC4203149
OpenAlexW2149323915

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.