ReviewFrontiers in immunology2014
Tolerance in organ transplantation: from conventional immunosuppression to extracellular vesicles.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discovery of Donor-Derived Exosomal DNA as an Exploratory Biomarker of Kidney Graft Rejection: A Cross-Sectional Study.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2026Article
- Triple role of exosomes in lung transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Exploring the potential of the convergence between extracellular vesicles and CAR technology as a novel immunotherapy approach.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Review
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles: Therapeutic Potential in Organ Transplantation.Stem cells international · 2024Review
- Unraveling the Multifaceted Roles of Extracellular Vesicles: Insights into Biology, Pharmacology, and Pharmaceutical Applications for Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Using Pre-Clinical Studies to Explore the Potential Clinical Uses of Exosomes Secreted from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem cells.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2023Review
- Physiopathological role of extracellular vesicles in alloimmunity and kidney transplantation and their use as biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- ExtracellularFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- In sickness and in health: The functional role of extracellular vesicles in physiology and pathology in vivo: Part I: Health and Normal Physiology: Part I: Health and Normal Physiology.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2022Review
- Extracellular vesicles mediate cellular interactions in renal diseases-Novel views of intercellular communications in the kidney.Journal of cellular physiology · 2021Review
- Analysis of differential expression of long non‑coding RNAs in exosomes derived from mature and immature dendritic cells.Molecular medicine reports · 2021Article
- Prospective Tracking of Donor-Reactive T-Cell Clones in the Circulation and Rejecting Human Kidney Allografts.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Observational
- The Unique Immunomodulatory Properties of MSC-Derived Exosomes in Organ Transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Mir-27a-3p attenuates bronchiolitis obliterans in vivo via the regulation of dendritic cells' maturation and the suppression of myofibroblasts' differentiation.Clinical and translational medicine · 2020Article
- Roles of exosomes in the normal and diseased eye.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2017Review
- Nanotechnological Approaches to Immunosuppression and Tolerance Induction.Current transplantation reports · 2017Article
- Microfluidic approaches for isolation, detection, and characterization of extracellular vesicles: Current status and future directions.Biosensors & bioelectronics · 2017Review
- Low proportion of follicular regulatory T cell in renal transplant patients with chronic antibody-mediated rejection.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- The Potential of MicroRNAs as Novel Biomarkers for Transplant Rejection.Journal of immunology research · 2017Review
- A Novel Model on DST-Induced Transplantation Tolerance by the Transfer of Self-Specific Donor tTregs to a Haplotype-Matched Organ Recipient.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Organ transplantation is often the unique solution for organ failure. However, rejection is still an unsolved problem. Although acute rejection is well controlled, the chronic use of immunosuppressive drugs for allograft acceptance causes numerous side effects in the recipient and do not prevent chronic allograft dysfunction. Different alternative therapies have been proposed to replace the classical treatment for allograft rejection. The alternative therapies are mainly based in pre-infusions of different types of regulatory cells, including DCs, MSCs, and Tregs. Nevertheless, these approaches lack full efficiency and have many problems related to availability and applicability. In this context, the use of extracellular vesicles, and in particular exosomes, may represent a cell-free alternative approach in inducing transplant tolerance and survival. Preliminary approaches in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated the efficient alloantigen presentation and immunomodulation abilities of exosomes, leading to alloantigen-specific tolerance and allograft acceptance in rodent models. Donor exosomes have been used alone, processed by recipient antigen-presenting cells, or administered together with suboptimal doses of immunosuppressive drugs, achieving specific allograft tolerance and infinite transplant survival. In this review, we gathered the latest exosome-based strategies for graft acceptance and discuss the tolerance mechanisms involved in organ tolerance mediated by the administration of exosomes. We will also deal with the feasibility and difficulties that arise from the application of this strategy into the clinic.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.