Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25277389›Full record

ArticleDiabetes2015

Factors affecting the decline in incidence of diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS).

Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Research Group, Richard F Hamman, Edward Horton, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, George A Bray, Costas A Christophi, Jill Crandall, Jose C Florez, Sarah Fowler, Ronald Goldberg and 5 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Exploring residual risk for diabetes and microvascular disease in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS).Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2017 · on this map
    Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Article
  11. Nonlifestyle Treatment of Prediabetes.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025
    Article
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  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 12 institutions in 1 country.

Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) Research Group
Richard F HammanDepartment of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO dppmail@bsc.gwu.edu.
Edward HortonSection on Clinical Research, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA.
Elizabeth Barrett-ConnorDepartment of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
George A BrayPennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA.
Costas A ChristophiBiostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, MD.
Jill CrandallAlbert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
Jose C FlorezMassachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.
Sarah FowlerBiostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, MD.
Ronald GoldbergDiabetes Research Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
Steven E KahnDivision of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
William C KnowlerNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ.
John M LachinBiostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, MD.
Mary Beth MurphyDivision of Endocrinology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.
Elizabeth VendittiWestern Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health Systems, Pittsburgh, PA.
George Washington University · USColorado School of Public Health · USHarvard University Press · USLouisiana State University · USMassachusetts General Hospital · USNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USUniversity of Miami · USUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center · USUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center · USVA Puget Sound Health Care System · USYeshiva University · US

Funding

Vector and Transgenic Mouse CoreP30DK017047 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Karin E Bornfeldt · 1986 to 2026
$41.4M
PRIMARY PREVENTION TRIAL (DPT-2)U01DK048339 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ARANETA, MARIA ROSARIO GORREZ, MUDALIAR, SUNDER · 1994 to 2022
$11.4M
Fine-mapping and Characterization of Metabolic Loci in the DPP Outcomes StudyR01DK072041 · NIDDK · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI FLOREZ, JOSE CARLOS · 2005 to 2017
$7.6M
Primary and Tertiary Prevention of type 2 diabetesZIADK075078 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI HANSON, ROBERT · 2012 to 2025
$4.6M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK017047NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK072041NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK048339
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

During the first 7 years of the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS), diabetes incidence rates, when compared with the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), decreased in the placebo (-42%) and metformin (-25%), groups compared with the rates in the intensive lifestyle intervention (+31%) group. Participants in the placebo and metformin groups were offered group intensive lifestyle intervention prior to entering the DPPOS. The following two hypotheses were explored to explain the rate differences: "effective intervention" (changes in weight and other factors due to intensive lifestyle intervention) and "exhaustion of susceptible" (changes in mean genetic and diabetes risk scores). No combination of behavioral risk factors (weight, physical activity, diet, smoking, and antidepressant or statin use) explained the lower DPPOS rates of diabetes progression in the placebo and metformin groups, whereas weight gain was the factor associated with higher rates of progression in the intensive lifestyle intervention group. Different patterns in the average genetic risk score over time were consistent with exhaustion of susceptibles. Results were consistent with exhaustion of susceptibles for the change in incidence rates, but not the availability of intensive lifestyle intervention to all persons before the beginning of the DPPOS. Thus, effective intervention did not explain the lower diabetes rates in the DPPOS among subjects in the placebo and metformin groups compared with those in the DPP.

Indexed as

AgedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsIncidenceMaleMetforminMiddle AgedRisk FactorsHypoglycemic AgentsMetformin

Identifiers

PMID25277389
PMCPMC4338587
OpenAlexW1926199670

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.