ArticlePLoS pathogens2014
A relay network of extracellular heme-binding proteins drives C. albicans iron acquisition from hemoglobin.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- TOR kinase inhibition reverses azole resistance in Candida auris by targeting heme biosynthesis.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Kineochelins-A New Group of Siderophores From an Antarctic Bacterium.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Ferric reductase related proteins Frp1 and Frp2 mediate reductive heme uptake in the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans.Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Identification of CFEM Proteins inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Iron acquisition mechanisms of human skin-associated fungi.FEMS yeast research · 2026Review
- CFEM proteins: unique to fungi with essential roles in plant host interactions.Frontiers in fungal biology · 2026Review
- Review
- Deletion ofmSphere · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Aloin remodels the cell wall of Candida albicans to reduce its hyphal virulence against oral candidiasis.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Article
- Integrating ensemble machine learning and multi-omics approaches to identify Dp44mT as a novel anti-Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Article
- The pathobiology of human fungal infections.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Metals at the Host-Fungal Pathogen Battleground.Annual review of microbiology · 2024Review
- An iron-binding protein of entomopathogenic fungus suppresses the proliferation of host symbiotic bacteria.Microbiome · 2024Article
- Suppressing the virulence factors of Candida auris with baicalein through multifaceted mechanisms.Archives of microbiology · 2024Article
- A chemically induced attenuated strain ofeLife · 2024Article
- A fungal CFEM-containing effector targets NPR1 regulator NIMIN2 to suppress plant immunity.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Iron scavenging constitutes a crucial challenge for survival of pathogenic microorganisms in the iron-poor host environment. Candida albicans, like many microbial pathogens, is able to utilize iron from hemoglobin, the largest iron pool in the host's body. Rbt5 is an extracellular glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored heme-binding protein of the CFEM family that facilitates heme-iron uptake by an unknown mechanism. Here, we characterize an additional C. albicans CFEM protein gene, PGA7, deletion of which elicits a more severe heme-iron utilization phenotype than deletion of RBT5. The virulence of the pga7-/- mutant is reduced in a mouse model of systemic infection, consistent with a requirement for heme-iron utilization for C. albicans pathogenicity. The Pga7 and Rbt5 proteins exhibit distinct cell wall attachment, and discrete localization within the cell envelope, with Rbt5 being more exposed than Pga7. Both proteins are shown here to efficiently extract heme from hemoglobin. Surprisingly, while Pga7 has a higher affinity for heme in vitro, we find that heme transfer can occur bi-directionally between Pga7 and Rbt5, supporting a model in which they cooperate in a heme-acquisition relay. Together, our data delineate the roles of Pga7 and Rbt5 in a cell surface protein network that transfers heme from extracellular hemoglobin to the endocytic pathway, and provide a paradigm for how receptors embedded in the cell wall matrix can mediate nutrient uptake across the fungal cell envelope.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.