ArticleNature2014
An evolutionary arms race between KRAB zinc-finger genes ZNF91/93 and SVA/L1 retrotransposons.
Article in Nature, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 319 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
319 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 509 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disrupting Mechanisms that Regulate Genomic Repeat Elements to Combat Cancer and Drug Resistance.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Pooled it
- A genome-wide meta-analysis uncovers six sequence variants conferring risk of vertigo.Communications biology · 2021Pooled it
- Review
- Association of Bilateral Vestibulopathy With theNeurology. Genetics · 2026Article
- Cross-species incompatibilities offer new insights into the functional consequences of satellite DNA evolution.Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2026Review
- MORC1 coordinates TRIM28 interaction and nuclear condensate formation for transposon silencing.iScience · 2026Article
- LINE-1 Deregulation in Ovarian Cancer: Implications for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Targeting.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2026Review
- LINE-1 Epigenetic Repression and Regulation of Immunity.Viruses · 2026Review
- Cooperation, competition and enforcement in transposon evolution.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Extensive binding of poorly characterized human transcription factors to genomic dark matter.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Transposable Elements Are Dynamically Regulated in Medium Spiny Neurons and May Contribute to the Molecular and Behavioral Adaptations to Cocaine.Biological psychiatry · 2026Article
- Review
- LINE-1 Retrotransposons and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Positive selection on brain cis-regulatory elements in the human lineage drives changes in gene expression and susceptibility to neuropsychiatric disorders.HGG advances · 2026Article
- Derivation of elephant induced pluripotent stem cells.Nature methods · 2026Article
- Transposable element regulation in mammalian germ cells and other contexts: multilayered repression, fertility, and regulated activation.Epigenomics · 2026Review
- The long reach of the Red Queen.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Article
- Fiber-TEnCATS reveals haplotype-specific chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation at human L1HS loci.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- ZNF274 constrains lineage plasticity and drives intrinsic resistance to CDK7 inhibitors in pancreatic cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
259 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Throughout evolution primate genomes have been modified by waves of retrotransposon insertions. For each wave, the host eventually finds a way to repress retrotransposon transcription and prevent further insertions. In mouse embryonic stem cells, transcriptional silencing of retrotransposons requires KAP1 (also known as TRIM28) and its repressive complex, which can be recruited to target sites by KRAB zinc-finger (KZNF) proteins such as murine-specific ZFP809 which binds to integrated murine leukaemia virus DNA elements and recruits KAP1 to repress them. KZNF genes are one of the fastest growing gene families in primates and this expansion is hypothesized to enable primates to respond to newly emerged retrotransposons. However, the identity of KZNF genes battling retrotransposons currently active in the human genome, such as SINE-VNTR-Alu (SVA) and long interspersed nuclear element 1 (L1), is unknown. Here we show that two primate-specific KZNF genes rapidly evolved to repress these two distinct retrotransposon families shortly after they began to spread in our ancestral genome. ZNF91 underwent a series of structural changes 8-12 million years ago that enabled it to repress SVA elements. ZNF93 evolved earlier to repress the primate L1 lineage until ∼12.5 million years ago when the L1PA3-subfamily of retrotransposons escaped ZNF93's restriction through the removal of the ZNF93-binding site. Our data support a model where KZNF gene expansion limits the activity of newly emerged retrotransposon classes, and this is followed by mutations in these retrotransposons to evade repression, a cycle of events that could explain the rapid expansion of lineage-specific KZNF genes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.