ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2014
Long-echo time MR spectroscopy for skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine detection.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03670693 (Non-invasive Approaches to Identify the Cause of Fatigue in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Non-invasive Approaches to Identify the Cause of Fatigue in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rheumatoid arthritis T cell and muscle oxidative metabolism associate with exercise-induced changes in cardiorespiratory fitness.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Molecular correlates of MRS-basedNMR in biomedicine · 2021Trial
- Nicotinamide riboside supplementation alters body composition and skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine concentrations in healthy obese humans.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Trial
- L-carnitine infusion does not alleviate lipid-induced insulin resistance and metabolic inflexibility.PloS one · 2020Trial
- The effect of exercise on intramyocellular acetylcarnitine (AcCtn) concentration in adult growth hormone deficiency (GHD).Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Differential activation of TCA cycle activity and PDH flux by dichloroacetate in skeletal muscle measured by hyperpolarized [2-iScience · 2026Article
- Brain and muscle chemistry in myalgic encephalitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and long COVID: a 7T magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Skeletal muscle energetics during submaximal contractions are linked to metabolic performance during ambulatory exercise: A pilot study in male adults.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- Metabolomic Prediction of Naphthalene Pneumo-Toxicity in the SnailMetabolites · 2025Article
- Carnitine supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine formation in patients with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Advances inFrontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Article
- NMR spectroscopy for metabolomics in the living system: recent progress and future challenges.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2024Review
- Correlation between skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine and phosphocreatine metabolism during submaximal exercise and recovery: interleavedScientific reports · 2024Article
- Postcontraction [acetylcarnitine] reflects interindividual variation in skeletal muscle ATP production patterns in vivo.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2024Article
- Detection and alterations of acetylcarnitine (AC) in human liver byMagnetic resonance in medicine · 2023Article
- Skeletal muscle mitochondrial inertia is associated with carnitine acetyltransferase activity and physical function in humans.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Up-regulation of thioesterase superfamily member 2 in skeletal muscle promotes hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2022Article
- Hyperpolarized NMR study of the impact of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibition on the pyruvate dehydrogenase and TCA flux in type 2 diabetic rat muscle.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Animal models suggest that acetylcarnitine production is essential for maintaining metabolic flexibility and insulin sensitivity. Because current methods to detect acetylcarnitine involve biopsy of the tissue of interest, noninvasive alternatives to measure acetylcarnitine concentrations could facilitate our understanding of its physiological relevance in humans. Here, we investigated the use of long-echo time (TE) proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine concentrations on a clinical 3T scanner. We applied long-TE 1H-MRS to measure acetylcarnitine in endurance-trained athletes, lean and obese sedentary subjects, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients to cover a wide spectrum in insulin sensitivity. A long-TE 1H-MRS protocol was implemented for successful detection of skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine in these individuals. There were pronounced differences in insulin sensitivity, as measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function, as measured by phosphorus-MRS (31P-MRS), across groups. Insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function were highest in trained athletes and lowest in T2DM patients. Skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine concentration showed a reciprocal distribution, with mean acetylcarnitine concentration correlating with mean insulin sensitivity in each group. These results demonstrate that measuring acetylcarnitine concentrations with 1H-MRS is feasible on clinical MR scanners and support the hypothesis that T2DM patients are characterized by a decreased formation of acetylcarnitine, possibly underlying decreased insulin sensitivity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.