ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2014
Rice SPX1 and SPX2 inhibit phosphate starvation responses through interacting with PHR2 in a phosphate-dependent manner.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 201 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
201 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 440 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of responsive genes to multiple abiotic stresses in rice (Oryza sativa): a meta-analysis of transcriptomics data.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- SlMED25-SlPHR3-SlSPX2 module fine-tunes SlPHR3-mediated transcriptional activation of phosphate starvation response in tomato.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2026Article
- A ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase facilitates H2A.Z removal in response to phosphate starvation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Elevated COProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- CsSPX-PHR/PHL-PHT1 and CsmiR399a-PHO2-PHT1/PHO1 Modules Orchestrate Pi Use Efficiency and Aluminium Tolerance in Tea Plants.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Article
- Review
- Deciphering a cold-phosphorus trade-off in maize: a paradigm for precision breeding.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- ZmPHR1 and ZmPHR2 Mediate Metabolic and Microbial Regulation of Maize Adaptation to Phosphorus Heterogeneity.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Article
- The transcription factor PdePHR1 increases phosphorus accumulation in poplar shoot and promotes root growth.BMC plant biology · 2026Article
- Vascular-specific genome editing enhances low-phosphate tolerance in rice.The Plant cell · 2026Article
- Soil to Cytoplasm: The Mycorrhizal Phosphorus Express and Its Regulatory Steps.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- The SPX protein family in plants: from phosphate sensors to multifunctional signaling hubs.Stress biology · 2026Review
- Protein engineering fixes a major crop trade-off.Nature · 2026Article
- Article
- The Medicago SPX1/3-PHR2 network relays phosphate signaling to orchestrate root nodulation-dependent nitrogen acquisition by controlling flavonoid biosynthesis.Plant communications · 2026Article
- Unfolding of RNA secondary structure impairs RNA stability to fine-tune phosphate starvation responses in rice roots.Plant communications · 2026Article
- CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of SMXL4 alters plant height and yield-related traits in rice (cv. Samkwang).Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The intracellular inositol (pyro)phosphate receptor AtSPX1 reciprocally binds to P1BS DNA.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Adaptation mechanisms of low-phosphorus stress in plants: physiological responses, molecular regulation, and future perspectives.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
141 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In plants, sensing the levels of external and internal nutrients is essential for reprogramming the transcriptome and adapting to the fluctuating environment. Phosphate (Pi) is a key plant nutrient, and a large proportion of Pi starvation-responsive genes are under the control of Phosphate Starvation Response Regulator 1 (PHR1) in Arabidopsis (AtPHR1) and its homologs, such as Oryza sativa (Os)PHR2 in rice. AtPHR1 and OsPHR2 expression is not very responsive to Pi starvation, raising the question as to how plants sense changes in cellular Pi levels to activate the central regulator. SPX [named after SYG1 (suppressor of yeast gpa1), Pho81 (CDK inhibitor in yeast PHO pathway), and XPR1 (xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor)] proteins that harbor only the SPX domain are reported to be involved in the negative regulation of Pi starvation responses. Here, we show that the nuclear localized SPX proteins SPX1 and SPX2 are Pi-dependent inhibitors of the activity of OsPHR2 in rice. Indeed, SPX1 and SPX2 proteins interact with PHR2 through their SPX domain, inhibiting its binding to P1BS (the PHR1-binding sequence: GNATATNC). In vivo data, as well as results from in vitro experiments using purified SPX1, SPX2, and OsPHR2 proteins, showed that SPX1 and SPX2 inhibition of OsPHR2 activity is Pi-dependent. These data provide evidence to support the involvement of SPX1 and SPX2 in the Pi-sensing mechanism in plants.
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