ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2016
Combining Formal and Informal Caregiving Roles: The Psychosocial Implications of Double- and Triple-Duty Care.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Extent and Predictors of Decision Regret among Informal Caregivers Making Decisions for a Loved One: A Systematic Review.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision Making · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of a workplace participatory approach to support working caregivers in balancing work, private life and informal care: a randomized controlled trial.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2025Trial
- Caring for the elderly at work and home: Can a randomized organizational intervention improve psychological health?Journal of occupational health psychology · 2019Trial
- Experiences of double-duty caregivers: a scoping review.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Psychometric validity of the Perceived Home Management Hassles Scale.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Characterizing complex care relationships in Canada using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA).BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- 'I Want People to Know out There, Just How Many Caregivers Struggle Between Work and Home': Feminist Intersectional Research Exploring Caregiving Lived Experiences in New Zealand.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2025Article
- Burden of Informal Caregivers from an HHC Military Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- A scoping review to examine health care professionals' experiences as family caregivers.PloS one · 2025Article
- Informal Caregiving Among Faculty at a Large Academic Health Sciences University in the United States: an Opportunity for Policy Changes.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2024Article
- Double-Duty Carers' Health and Wellbeing during COVID-19: Exploring the Role of Mobility of the Care Economy in Southern Ontario, Canada.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Mental and physical health among 'sandwich' generation working-age adults in the United States: Not all sandwiches are made equal.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Something's Gotta Give: The Relationship Between Time in Eldercare, Time in Childcare, and Employee Wellbeing.Journal of aging and health · 2022Article
- Associations of combining paid work and family care with gender-specific differences in depressive symptoms among older workers and the role of work characteristics.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2022Article
- Group-Treatment for Dealing with the Work-Family Conflict for Healthcare Professionals.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Acute and chronic fatigue in nurses providing direct patient care and in non-direct care roles: A cross-sectional analysis.Nursing & health sciences · 2021Article
- Antecedents and Outcomes of Enrichment Among Working Family Caregivers of People With Dementia: A Longitudinal Analysis.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2021Article
- Article
- Family-supportive supervisor behaviour positively affects work behaviour and nonwork well-being among men in long-term care.Journal of nursing management · 2020Article
- Essential Long-Term Care Workers Commonly Hold Second Jobs and Double- or Triple-Duty Caregiving Roles.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWomen who combine formal and informal caregiving roles represent a unique, understudied population. In the literature, healthcare employees who simultaneously provide unpaid elder care at home have been referred to as double-duty caregivers. The present study broadens this perspective by examining the psychosocial implications of double-duty child care (child care only), double-duty elder care (elder care only), and triple-duty care (both child care and elder care or "sandwiched" care).
methodDrawing from the Work, Family, and Health Study, we focus on a large sample of women working in nursing homes in the United States (n = 1,399). We use multiple regression analysis and analysis of covariance tests to examine a range of psychosocial implications associated with double- and triple-duty care.
resultsCompared with nonfamily caregivers, double-duty child caregivers indicated greater family-to-work conflict and poorer partner relationship quality. Double-duty elder caregivers reported more family-to-work conflict, perceived stress, and psychological distress, whereas triple-duty caregivers indicated poorer psychosocial functioning overall. DISCUSSION: Relative to their counterparts without family caregiving roles, women with combined caregiving roles reported poorer psychosocial well-being. Additional research on women with combined caregiving roles, especially triple-duty caregivers, should be a priority amidst an aging population, older workforce, and growing number of working caregivers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.