ArticlemBio2014
Mycobacterial membrane vesicles administered systemically in mice induce a protective immune response to surface compartments of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Article in mBio, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Exosomes During Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection: A Double-Edged Sword.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Current research progress on extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells in tuberculosis treatment (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Cell Envelope Remodeling and Lipid Metabolism Coordinate Extracellular Vesicle Output in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Outer membrane vesicles fromMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Article
- Serum profiling of the antibody response to HPV in women with or without abnormal cervical cytology undergoing cervical cancer screening.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Establishment of minimum protein standards forMycobacteria (London, England) · 2025Article
- BCG-derived acellular membrane vesicles elicit antimycobacterial immunity and innate immune memory.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Iron-restricted Mycobacterium tuberculosis exports pathogenicity factors packed in extracellular vesicles.PloS one · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicles: A Review of Their Therapeutic Potentials, Sources, Biodistribution, and Administration Routes.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- The role of antibiotic-derived mycobacterial vesicles in tuberculosis pathogenesis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Improved Isolation Optimizes Downstream Application of Extracellular Vesicles Derived fromMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Recovery and Analysis of Bacterial Membrane Vesicle Nanoparticles from Human Plasma Using Dielectrophoresis.Biosensors · 2024Article
- Screening Methods for Cervical Cancer.ChemMedChem · 2024Review
- The Role of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in the Immune Response to Pathogens, and Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Antigen identification strategies and preclinical evaluation models for advancing tuberculosis vaccine development.NPJ vaccines · 2024Review
- Interactions of Gram-Positive Bacterial Membrane Vesicles and Hosts: Updates and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Outer membrane vesicles as a platform for the discovery of antibodies to bacterial pathogens.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Review
- BACTERIAL EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES IN THE REGULATION OF INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND HOST-MICROBE INTERACTIONS.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2024Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledPathogenic and nonpathogenic species of bacteria and fungi release membrane vesicles (MV), containing proteins, polysaccharides, and lipids, into the extracellular milieu. Previously, we demonstrated that several mycobacterial species, including bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, release MV containing lipids and proteins that subvert host immune response in a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-dependent manner (R. Prados-Rosales et al., J. Clin. Invest. 121:1471-1483, 2011, doi:10.1172/JCI44261). In this work, we analyzed the vaccine potential of MV in a mouse model and compared the effects of immunization with MV to those of standard BCG vaccination. Immunization with MV from BCG or M. tuberculosis elicited a mixed humoral and cellular response directed to both membrane and cell wall components, such as lipoproteins. However, only vaccination with M. tuberculosis MV was able to protect as well as live BCG immunization. M. tuberculosis MV boosted BCG vaccine efficacy. In summary, MV are highly immunogenic without adjuvants and elicit immune responses comparable to those achieved with BCG in protection against M. tuberculosis. IMPORTANCE: This work offers a new vaccine approach against tuberculosis using mycobacterial MV. Mycobacterium MV are a naturally released product combining immunogenic antigens in the context of a lipid structure. The fact that MV do not need adjuvants and elicit protection comparable to that elicited by the BCG vaccine encourages vaccine approaches that combine protein antigens and lipids. Consequently, mycobacterium MV establish a new type of vaccine formulation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.