Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2014
Effect of low perceived social support on health outcomes in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: results from the VIRGO (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients) study.
Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- What Do We Know About Young Adult Cardiac Patients' Experience? A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Social Capital in the Newborn Period and Household Food Insecurity at Child Age Two Years.Academic pediatrics · 2026Article
- Psychological Burden and Psychosocial Stress in Younger and Middle-Aged Women with Prior Myocardial Infarction.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Percutaneous coronary intervention in patients aged ≤40 years: a 10-year single-centre cohort study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- High social support is associated with reduced cardiac events in patients following ICD/CRT-D implantation: a one-year follow-up study in China.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Loneliness and Risk of 30-Day Hospital Readmission After Acute Myocardial Infarction.Medical care · 2025Article
- Latent Health Status Trajectories in Individuals With New or Worsening Claudication Symptoms.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Social Support and 10-Year Mortality Following Acute Myocardial Infarction.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Exploring the impact of self-efficacy social support and learning environment on clinical performance anxiety in student nurses.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Coronary Artery Disease in Very Young Women: Risk Factors and Prognostic Insights from Extended Follow-Up.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Article
- Association of social support and health status outcomes in peripheral artery disease.Journal of vascular surgery · 2024Article
- Characteristics of Young Women Presenting With Acute Myocardial Infarction: The Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Young Women Presenting Acute Myocardial Infarction in France Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Observational
- Resilience and its influencing factors after emergency percutaneous coronary intervention in young and middle-aged patients with first acute myocardial infarction.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The effects of low familial support and depressive symptomatology on suicide attempt among adolescents: A sex-based assessment.Suicide & life-threatening behavior · 2024Article
- Psychological Health and Ischemic Heart Disease in Women: A Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Considerations across the Healthspan.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024Review
- Perceived social support, perceived stress, and quality of sleep among COVID-19 patients in Iran: assessing measurement invariance of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support across gender and age.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Impact of Marital Stress on 1-Year Health Outcomes Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Observational
- Comparisons of Patients Living Alone versus Living with Others in Acute Coronary Syndrome.The International journal of angiology : official publication of the International College of Angiology, Inc · 2023Article
- Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Risk, Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease, and Cardiovascular Events.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSocial support is an important predictor of health outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but social support varies by sex and age. Differences in social support could account for sex differences in outcomes of young patients with AMI. METHODS AND
resultsData from the Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young AMI Patients (VIRGO) study, an observational study of AMI patients aged ≤55 years in the United States and Spain, were used for this study. Patients were categorized as having low versus moderate/high perceived social support using the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory. Outcomes included health status (Short Form-12 physical and mental component scores), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire), and angina-related quality of life (Seattle Angina Questionnaire) evaluated at baseline and 12 months. Among 3432 patients, 21.2% were classified as having low social support. Men and women had comparable levels of social support at baseline. On average, patients with low social support reported lower functional status and quality of life and more depressive symptoms at baseline and 12 months post-AMI. After multivariable adjustment, including baseline health status, low social support was associated with lower mental functioning, lower quality of life, and more depressive symptoms at 12 months (all P<0.001). The relationship between low social support and worse physical functioning was nonsignificant after adjustment (P=0.6). No interactions were observed between social support, sex, or country.
conclusionLower social support is associated with worse health status and more depressive symptoms 12 months after AMI in both young men and women. Sex did not modify the effect of social support.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.