ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2014
Synthesis and assembly of a novel glycan layer in Myxococcus xanthus spores.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pardon the interruption: how Und-P sequestration has reshaped our understanding of the bacterial cell envelope.Journal of bacteriology · 2026Review
- Mechanism of trans-envelope bacterial polysaccharide secretion in Class-3 outer-membrane polysaccharide export (OPX) protein systems.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Secretins of type-two secretion systems are necessary for exopolymeric slime secretion in cyanobacteria and myxobacteria.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Milestones in the development ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- A novel mechanism for bacterial sporulation based on programmed peptidoglycan degradation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Identification of EcpK, a bacterial tyrosine pseudokinase important for exopolysaccharide biosynthesis inJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Article
- Unmasking of the von Willebrand A-domain surface adhesin CglB at bacterial focal adhesions mediates myxobacterial gliding motility.Science advances · 2023Article
- Bacterial Outer Membrane Polysaccharide Export (OPX) Proteins Occupy Three Structural Classes with Selective β-Barrel Porin Requirements for Polymer Secretion.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Article
- Bacterial Glycocalyx Integrity Impacts Tolerance ofBiomolecules · 2022Article
- Characterization of the Exopolysaccharide Biosynthesis Pathway in Myxococcus xanthus.Journal of bacteriology · 2020Article
- Modulation of bacterial multicellularity via spatio-specific polysaccharide secretion.PLoS biology · 2020Article
- Transcriptome dynamics of theeLife · 2019Article
- A TonB-dependent transporter is required for secretion of protease PopC across the bacterial outer membrane.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Fatty Acid Oxidation Is Required for Myxococcus xanthus Development.Journal of bacteriology · 2018Article
- TheJournal of bacteriology · 2017Article
- Two-Component Signal Transduction Systems That Regulate the Temporal and Spatial Expression of Myxococcus xanthus Sporulation Genes.Journal of bacteriology · 2016Review
- Myxococcus CsgA, Drosophila Sniffer, and human HSD10 are cardiolipin phospholipases.Genes & development · 2015Article
- The small G-protein MglA connects to the MreB actin cytoskeleton at bacterial focal adhesions.The Journal of cell biology · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Myxococcus xanthus is a Gram-negative deltaproteobacterium that has evolved the ability to differentiate into metabolically quiescent spores that are resistant to heat and desiccation. An essential feature of the differentiation processes is the assembly of a rigid, cell wall-like spore coat on the surface of the outer membrane. In this study, we characterize the spore coat composition and describe the machinery necessary for secretion of spore coat material and its subsequent assembly into a stress-bearing matrix. Chemical analyses of isolated spore coat material indicate that the spore coat consists primarily of short 1-4- and 1-3-linked GalNAc polymers that lack significant glycosidic branching and may be connected by glycine peptides. We show that 1-4-linked glucose (Glc) is likely a minor component of the spore coat with the majority of the Glc arising from contamination with extracellular polysaccharides, O-antigen, or storage compounds. Neither of these structures is required for the formation of resistant spores. Our analyses indicate the GalNAc/Glc polymer and glycine are exported by the ExoA-I system, a Wzy-like polysaccharide synthesis and export machinery. Arrangement of the capsular-like polysaccharides into a rigid spore coat requires the NfsA-H proteins, members of which reside in either the cytoplasmic membrane (NfsD, -E, and -G) or outer membrane (NfsA, -B, and -C). The Nfs proteins function together to modulate the chain length of the surface polysaccharides, which is apparently necessary for their assembly into a stress-bearing matrix.
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