Trial reportNutrition journal2014
Effects of high-protein vs. high- fat snacks on appetite control, satiety, and eating initiation in healthy women.
Trial report in Nutrition journal, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diet Quality and Measures of Sarcopenia in Developing Economies: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Short-term effects of goat milk yogurt-containing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides and two raisin varieties on subjective appetite, blood pressure and glycaemic responses in healthy adults. Results from a randomised clinical trial.The British journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- An Afternoon Hummus Snack Affects Diet Quality, Appetite, and Glycemic Control in Healthy Adults.The Journal of nutrition · 2020Trial
- Evaluation of the Influence of Raw Almonds on Appetite Control: Satiation, Satiety, Hedonics and Consumer Perceptions.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Consuming Beef vs. Soy Protein Has Little Effect on Appetite, Satiety, and Food Intake in Healthy Adults.The Journal of nutrition · 2015Trial
- Weight Loss Plateau: Reasons, Challenges, and Solutions: A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Exploring the effects of high protein versus high fat snacks on satiety, gut hormones and insulin secretion in women with overweight and obesity: A randomized clinical trial.Obesity pillars · 2025Article
- Hallmarks of Appetite: A Comprehensive Review of Hunger, Appetite, Satiation, and Satiety.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Exploring the short-term impact of swapping consumption from standard protein snacks to higher protein snacks on energy intake in social drinkers: Is protein worth a nudge?Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- The Effect of Ultrasound on the Extraction and Functionality of Proteins from Duckweed (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Short-term high-fat and high-carb diet effects on glucose metabolism and hedonic regulation in young healthy men.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Assessing the per Capita Food Supply Trends of 38 OECD Countries between 2000 and 2019-A Joinpoint Regression Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Effect of Circadian Distribution of Energy and Macronutrients on Gestational Weight Gain in Chinese Pregnant Women.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Understanding the link between frequency of eating and cardiometabolic health outcomes in Americans who "snack".JDS communications · 2022Review
- Interaction of Protein Preloads and Physical Activity on Intake of an Ultra-Processed, High Sugar/High Fat Food/Low Protein Food.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth, biochemical indicators, lipid metabolism, and appetite in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi).Fish physiology and biochemistry · 2022Article
- Effect of high-protein vs. high-fat snacks before lunch on glycemic variability in prediabetes: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Effects of 12-week, non-energy-restricted dietary intervention with conventional yogurt οn appetite hormone responses of type 2 diabetic patients.Food science & nutrition · 2021Article
- Comparison of the Effect of Milk and Pistachio Snacks on Anthropometric Indices in Overweight or Obese Women: A Randomized Crossover Trial.International journal of preventive medicine · 2021Article
- High-Quality Carbohydrates and Physical Performance: Expert Panel Report.Nutrition today · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine whether a high-protein afternoon yogurt snack improves appetite control, satiety, and reduces subsequent food intake compared to other commonly-consumed, energy dense, high-fat snacks.
findingsTwenty, healthy women (age: 27 ± 2 y; BMI: 23.4 ± 0.7 kg/m2) completed the randomized crossover design study which included 3, 8-h testing days comparing the following 160 kcal afternoon snacks: high-protein yogurt (14 g protein/25 g CHO/0 g fat); high-fat crackers (0 g protein/19 g CHO/9 g fat); and high-fat chocolate (2 g protein/19 g CHO/9 g fat). Participants were acclimated to each snack for 3 consecutive days. On day 4, the participants consumed a standardized breakfast and lunch; the respective snack was consumed 3-h post-lunch. Perceived hunger and fullness were assessed throughout the afternoon until dinner was voluntarily requested. An ad libitum dinner was then provided. The consumption of the yogurt snack led to greater reductions in afternoon hunger vs. chocolate (p < 0.01). No differences in afternoon fullness were detected. The yogurt snack also delayed eating initiation by approximately 30 min compared to the chocolate snack (p < 0.01) and approximately 20 min vs. crackers (p = 0.07). The yogurt snack led to approximately 100 fewer kcals consumed at dinner vs. the crackers (p = 0.08) and chocolate (p < 0.05). No other differences were detected.
conclusionThese data suggest that, when compared to high-fat snacks, eating less energy dense, high-protein snacks like yogurt improves appetite control, satiety, and reduces subsequent food intake in healthy women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.