ArticleBMC pharmacology & toxicology2014
Reporting of drug induced depression and fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour in the UK from 1998 to 2011.
Article in BMC pharmacology & toxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of CNR1 gene and cannabinoid 1 receptor protein in the human brain.Journal of neuroscience research · 2023Pooled it
- Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Non-psychotropic medication and risk of suicide or attempted suicide: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2016Pooled it
- The budget impact analysis of nicotine replacement therapy among patients who smoke tobacco and have mental illness in South Africa and the implications.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Family psychoeducation in schizophrenia and schizophrenia related disorder, treatment compliance, and suicidal risk reduction: questions about their relationship from a naturalistic observation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Prescribed Drugs and Self-Directed Violence: A Descriptive Study in the Spanish Pharmacovigilance Database.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Role of the Adenosine System on Emotional and Cognitive Disturbances Induced by Ethanol Binge Drinking in the Immature Brain and the Beneficial Effects of Caffeine.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Chronic Administration of 13-cis-retinoic Acid Induces Depression-Like Behavior by Altering the Activity of Dentate Granule Cells.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Article
- Isotretinoin and neuropsychiatric side effects: Continued vigilance is needed.Journal of affective disorders reports · 2021Article
- Risk of neuropsychiatric and cardiovascular adverse events following treatment with varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink: a case-cross-over study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Article
- Adherence to psychotropic medication in completed suicide in Sweden 2006-2013: a forensic-toxicological matched case-control study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Article
- Psychiatric and Developmental Effects of Isotretinoin (Retinoid) Treatment for Acne Vulgaris.Current therapeutic research, clinical and experimental · 2019Review
- Emerging Evidence for Cannabis' Role in Opioid Use Disorder.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2018Review
- Article
- Animal models to improve our understanding and treatment of suicidal behavior.Translational psychiatry · 2017Review
- Isotretinoin was not associated with depression or anxiety: A twelve-week study.World journal of psychiatry · 2016Article
- DYRK1A, a Dosage-Sensitive Gene Involved in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Is a Target for Drug Development in Down Syndrome.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2016Review
- Enhancing Brain Pregnenolone May Protect Cannabis Intoxication but Should Not Be Considered as an Anti-addiction Therapeutic: Hypothesizing Dopaminergic Blockade and Promoting Anti-Reward.Journal of reward deficiency syndromeArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPsychiatric adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are distressing for patients and have important public health implications. We identified the drugs with the most frequent spontaneous reports of depression, and fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour to the UK's Yellow Card Scheme from 1998 to 2011.
methodsWe obtained Yellow Card data from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency for the drugs with the most frequent spontaneous reports of depression and suicidal behaviour from 1964 onwards. Prescribing data were obtained from the NHS Information Centre and the Department of Health. We examined the frequency of reports for drugs and estimated rates of reporting of psychiatric ADRs using prescribing data as proxy denominators from 1998 to 2011, as prescribing data were not available prior to 1998.
resultsThere were 110 different drugs with ≥ 20 reports of depression, 58 with ≥ 10 reports of non-fatal suicidal behaviour and 33 with ≥ 5 reports of fatal suicidal behaviour in the time period. The top five drugs with the most frequent reports of depression were the smoking cessation medicines varenicline and bupropion, followed by paroxetine (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor), isotretinoin (used in acne treatment) and rimonabant (a weight loss drug). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, varenicline and the antipsychotic medicine clozapine were included in the top five medicines with the most frequent reports of fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour. Medicines with the highest reliably measured reporting rates of psychiatric ADRs per million prescriptions dispensed in the community included rimonabant, isotretinoin, mefloquine (an antimalarial), varenicline and bupropion. Robust denominators for community prescribing were not available for two drugs with five or more suicide reports, efavirenz (an antiretroviral medicine) and clozapine.
conclusionsDepression and suicide-related ADRs are reported for many nervous system and non-nervous system drugs. As spontaneous reports cannot be used to determine causality between the drug and the ADR, psychiatric ADRs which can cause significant public alarm should be specifically assessed and reported in all randomised controlled trials.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.